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One of our team will share the file from our Google Drive, and you can listen from home.  Please be sure to have "Music Player for Google Drive" enabled on your machine to play the recording.  www.driveplayer.com&#13;
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                <text>This oral history interview was conducted as a part of a partnership with the &lt;a href="https://capitaljewishmuseum.org/"&gt;Lillian and Albert Small Capital Jewish Museum&lt;/a&gt; for their &lt;em&gt;LGBTJews in the Federal City&lt;/em&gt; exhibit.</text>
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                  <text>Sheila Alexander-Reid, September 11, 1998&#13;
Wanda Alston, September 11, 1998&#13;
Beverly F. Baker, September 10, 1998&#13;
Lawrence R. Banks, Jr., June 5, 1998&#13;
Joan E. Biren (JEB), June 2, 1998&#13;
Warren Blumenfeld, June 5, 1998&#13;
“Michael Borchert,” May 31, 1994 and June 15, 1998&#13;
Darren Buckner, June 13, 1998&#13;
Earline Budd, June 21, 1998&#13;
Donald Burch, III, June 22, 1999&#13;
Carlene Cheatam, June 4, 1998&#13;
Kwabena Rainey Cheeks, June 3, 1998&#13;
Lou Chibbaro, Jr., June 5, 1998&#13;
Countess Clarke, November 4, 2000&#13;
Tracey Conaty, May 27, 1998&#13;
Darryl Cooper, September 24, 1998&#13;
Ruby Corado, June 24, 2013&#13;
Mindy Daniels, May 22, 1998&#13;
Carol Anne Douglas, June 3, 1998&#13;
Larry Duckette, August 8, 1998 and October 5, 1999&#13;
Roy Eddey, September 6, 1998&#13;
Mary Farmer, August 6, 1998&#13;
Gideon Ferebee, Jr., October 9, 2000&#13;
Michael Ferri, June 20, 1998&#13;
“Haviland Ferris,” May 16, 1994 and May 21, 1998&#13;
Barney Frank, May 22, 1998&#13;
Jack Frey and Peter Morris, March 22, 1994&#13;
“Richard Galvin,” January 12, 1995&#13;
Gil Gerald, January 30, 2013&#13;
Theresa Gilchrist, June 15, 1999&#13;
Letitia Gomez, July 3, 1998&#13;
Jim Graham, May 26, 1998&#13;
Jaime Grant, June 2, 1998&#13;
Pat Hamilton, January 13, 1995&#13;
Reginald Harris, November 10, 2000&#13;
“Scott Harrison,” June 2, 1994&#13;
Diane Herz, June 27, 1998&#13;
Susan Hester, August 11, 1998&#13;
Leonard Hirsch, May 30, 1998&#13;
Meryl Hooker, June 2, 1998&#13;
Craig Howell, June 9, 1998&#13;
Chi Hughes, July 1, 1999&#13;
Louis Hughes, December 21, 2000&#13;
Loraine Hutchins, April 3, 1998&#13;
Sue Hyde, June 26, 1998&#13;
Edward James, May 25, 1994&#13;
Ralph Jarnagin, June 6, 1994&#13;
“Boots Johns,” July 14, 1997&#13;
Cary Alan Johnson, May 27, 1998&#13;
Sharen Shaw Johnson, August 7, 1998&#13;
ABilly S. Jones, June 15, 1999&#13;
Wayson Jones, June 27, 1998&#13;
“Andy Jordan,” May 29, 1998&#13;
Frank Kameny, March 20, 1994 and June 6, 1998&#13;
Kenneth Kero-Mentz, December 20, 2012&#13;
Thomas “Dusty” Keyes, May 30, 1994 and May 23, 1998&#13;
Kris Kleeberg, June 25, 1998&#13;
Deb Kolodny, May 26, 1998&#13;
Paul Kuntzler, August 5, 1998&#13;
Steve Langley, September 25, 1999&#13;
Barbara Lewis, June 12, 1998&#13;
Deacon Maccubbin, May 27, 1998&#13;
V. Papaya Mann, June 23, 1999&#13;
Lindsay McBride, August 7, 1998&#13;
Monique Meadows, September 1, 1998&#13;
Dennis Medina, July 8, 1998&#13;
Susan Messina, September 10, 1998&#13;
Deb Morris, September 25, 1998&#13;
Jack Nichols, May 20, 1995 and June 18, 1998&#13;
Diana Onley-Campbell, June 1, 1998&#13;
“Edith Parker,” June 9, 1994 and June 1, 1998&#13;
Michelle Parkerson, June 1, 1998 and June 29, 1999&#13;
Bruce Pennington, June 15, 1998&#13;
Isaiah J. Poole, May 31, 1998&#13;
Chris Prince, July 1, 1998&#13;
Ted Richards, May 24, 1995 and May 31, 1998&#13;
Robert Ricks, May 19, 1995&#13;
Colin Robinson, November 5, 2000&#13;
Rick Rosendall, August 8, 1998&#13;
Michael Sainte-Andress, June 21, 1999&#13;
Yolanda Santiago, June 9, 1998&#13;
Ron Simmons, June 3, 1998&#13;
Michael Singerman, June 1, 1998&#13;
Esther Smith, June 9, 1994&#13;
Sabrina Sojourner, June 12, 1998&#13;
Cheryl Ann Spector, May 26, 1998&#13;
James P. Theis, June 4, 1998&#13;
Thurlow Tibbs, May 24, 1994&#13;
“M. Tilden-Morgan,” May 23, 1994 and May 25, 1998&#13;
Jane Troxell, June 3, 1998&#13;
Nancy Tucker, June 19, 1998&#13;
Otto H. Ulrich, Jr., May 24, 1995 and May 23, 1998&#13;
Urvashi Vaid, December 17, 1998&#13;
Robert Michael Vanzant, May 25, 1998&#13;
Lilli Vincenz, June 6, 1998&#13;
Anne Vonhof, January 9, 2013&#13;
Ann Wachtel, May 30, 1998&#13;
 “Ed Wallace,” May 25, 1994 and June 4, 1998&#13;
“Robert Wayne,” June 10, 1998&#13;
Courtney Williams, July 15, 1999&#13;
Jessica Xavier, April 2, 1998 and June 3, 1998&#13;
Michael Yarr, September 13, 1998&#13;
Bill Youngblood, June 1, 1994 and May 26, 1998&#13;
Amelie Zurn, May 28, 1998&#13;
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                <text>This is an Oral History interview taken by Genny Beemyn for their book "A Queer Capital: a History of Gay Life in Washington D.C." They have donated their interviews to the Rainbow History Project.</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;Interested in listening to this audio?&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Email &lt;a href="mailto:oralhistories@rainbowhistory.org"&gt;oralhistories@rainbowhistory.org&lt;/a&gt; for access</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;In 1967, Nancy Tucker was a young college student in DC interested in meeting other openly gay people. Having heard about the Mattachine Society of Washington through gay newspapers coming out of San Francisco, she contacted the group and interviewed for membership. At the time, the Mattachine Society–led by pioneering LGBT activists such as Frank Kameny, Eva Freund, and Lilli Vincenz–preached concepts of civil libertarianism, in which homosexuals would receive their civil rights upon proving they were assimilated, upstanding citizens. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;However, Tucker describes how the mood began to change in 1969, when the Stonewall Riots kickstarted the Gay Liberation movement. This tension between liberationist and assimilationist politics led to The Mattachine Society of Washington starting a publication, initially with the intention of communicating civil libertarianism to the gay community in Washington. Tucker was chosen as one of the editors, and thus the famous &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Washington Blade &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;was born&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Tucker describes how the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Blade &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;soon became an important newspaper for the gay community. Distributed at various gay spots throughout DC, it communicated not only general news about the community, but also roommate referral services, warnings of police entrapment, and eventually news about even the more previously underground LGBT communities, such as the drag and leather communities. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;As the liberation movements of the late 60s and 70s grew in popularity, Tucker describes how it became increasingly difficult to find her own place in them. She was uncomfortable with both the misogyny of the overwhelmingly gay male Gay Liberation Front, as well as the radical feminism of lesbian separatist groups such as The Furies Collective. Tucker left the gay activist community in the mid-1970s, passed on the publishing of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The Washington Blade&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; to others, and subsequently became more involved with AA and gay AA groups. In the late 80s, however, Tucker re-entered the community via the Gay Women’s Alternative and OWLS (Older Wiser Lesbians), and enjoyed creating lesbian spaces with lectures, potlucks, dances, and other community programming. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;Audio 1&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;In this transcript, Peter Edwards shares his experiences of living as a member of the LGBTQ+ community in Washington DC. He discusses his journey of coming out as a gay man and finding a sense of community and acceptance in DC, while conversely sharing his experiences as an insecure gay teenager struggling with his sexuality in the 1980s. Despite the challenges, Edwards found community in the now-defunct gay rodeo, country western dancing, and the Lesbian and Gay chorus of Washington. The conversation also touches upon dating in DC. Overall, the transcript highlights the challenges and joys of living as a member of the LGBTQ+ community in Washington DC and the importance of finding a sense of community and acceptance. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Audio 2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;In this transcript, Peter Edwards discusses his involvement with Dignity DC, an organization for Catholic LGBTQ+ individuals. Edwards talks about the history of Dignity, including its origins and its move from Georgetown University to St. Margaret Episcopal Church. He shares his personal experiences attending Dignity, emphasizing the sense of belonging he felt and the importance of the organization for LGBTQ+ individuals who may feel alone or isolated. Edwards also discusses the activities and outreach efforts of Dignity, such as participating in local Pride events, organizing community dinners, and providing support during times of tragedy. Additionally, Edwards expresses commitment to the organization through his role as a leader within the community. Finally, Edwards mentions the challenges faced by Dignity in attracting younger members and diversifying the congregation, and emphasizes the ongoing need for a safe and welcoming space for LGBTQ+ individuals within the Catholic faith. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Audio 3&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;In this transcript, Peter Edwards discusses his involvement with the gay switchboard in the 1980s. The gay switchboard provided information and support to the LGBTQ+ community at a time when resources like the internet and smartphones did not exist. They operated a phone line, offering information on bars, social opportunities, and roommate connections. The switchboard also focused on peer counseling, providing a safe space for people to talk about their feelings and struggles. Peter reflects on the importance of the switchboard in helping individuals who felt lost or isolated, as well as the impact it had on his own life as a gay man in Washington, D.C. Overall, the conversation highlights the vital role the gay switchboard played in the LGBTQ+ community during a time of limited resources and social acceptance. It provided a supportive and anonymous outlet for people to seek information, connection, and guidance. The transcript also underscores the shift in communication and support with the advent of the internet, while acknowledging the continued need for human connection and understanding in today's digital age.</text>
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                <text>Bernie Delia, resident of Washington, DC since 1982, openly expressing as a gay man 3 years after. Two years after coming out, Bernie began serving the LBGTQ+ community in many different ways. Bernie took an interest in history and politics very early in life, remembering many moments with his parents discussing elections and such. From as long as he could remember, becoming a DC resident had always been the plan. He would make this possible after going to law school, which helped him develop many of the skills and connections that he would use to prevail later on. As a member of the Dignity Committee Chairs, member of the Justice Department for Clinton Administration, hostess of the Catholic Church, and other positions of influence, Bernie has managed to lead well. Bernie also shares a variety of different stories, ranging from his perception of the aids crisis and the overall growth of the LGBTQ+ community, to how he has been able to facilitate change even when there may have seemed to be no presidential hope for such.</text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Dr. Richard DiGioia moved to Washington, DC in 1974 during a two-year medical military commitment. DiGioia, who had extensive experience treating sexually transmitted infections from his prior military service in Korea, first heard about the Gay Men’s Venereal Disease Clinic while listening to the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Friends &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;radio program in 1975. DiGioia began volunteering at the clinic, and soon became the clinic’s doctor. DiGioia also opened up his own internal practice in 1977, and advertised his services in the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Washington Blade&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;–becoming one of the first openly gay physicians in DC. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;By the early 1980s, DiGioia began seeing some of DC’s first cases of HIV/AIDS. DiGioia was heavily involved in treating, studying, and spreading awareness about HIV/AIDS in both the gay community and medical community in Washington. For example, DiGioia wrote a regular medical column in the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Blade &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;sharing updated information about the disease; served as chairman of the District’s AIDS Advisory Committee; gave regular talks to federal and medical groups about HIV/AIDS; was on the panel of DC’s first HIV/AIDS public forum at Lisner Auditorium in 1983 (both John Willig and Ray Engebretsen being his patients); and even took Mother Teresa on a tour around GWU Hospital to visit AIDS patients. DiGioia shares how being a gay doctor during the AIDS epidemic made him a better doctor in general, for he learned how to truly empathize with his patients, and offer them more holistic care.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Towards the end of the interview, DiGioia raises concerns regarding the current situation of HIV/AIDS healthcare in 2007. He highlights the need for improved community education and empowerment in the gay community, as well as a major overhaul of the increasingly bureaucratized, unaffordable, and impersonal United States healthcare system making HIV/AIDS treatment inaccessible for so many Americans.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This is a conversation between Dr. Richard DiGioia and an interviewer, discussing Dr. DiGioia's involvement in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Washington DC. Dr. DiGioia shares his experiences as a doctor at the Gay Men's VD clinic and later as a primary care physician treating HIV patients. He talks about the challenges faced by the gay community during the epidemic, including the lack of medical insurance and the need for education and awareness. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr. DiGioia also discusses the changing landscape of HIV/AIDS care, including advancements in medications and the importance of access to healthcare for all individuals. The conversation highlights the impact of HIV/AIDS on the gay community and the efforts made by healthcare professionals and activists to address the epidemic. It also emphasizes the ongoing need for education, access to healthcare, and support for individuals living with HIV/AIDS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The Jack Nichols Digital Collection includes photographs and documents created by, about, or collected by Jack Nichols.  The collection includes an unedited draft of his memoirs, which were never completed.

Jack Nichols is a native of Chevy Chase, MD. Until he moved to New York City with his partner Lige Clarke in the late 1960s, Nichols was extensively involved in gay activism and gay life in Washington, DC. He was a founding member of the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW), participated in MSW’s picketing at the White House, the Pentagon, Civil Service, and at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Nichols was an active participant in annual meetings of the East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO) and spoke from the podium on several occasions.
In New York City, Nichols and Clarke founded, wrote for, and edited the early national newspaper Gay. Today he edits and writes for the online newspaper Gay Today (www.gaytoday.com) which is published by the Badpuppy website.

He has generously contributed a wonderful album of photographs of his life in DC and elsewhere from which the following photographs are drawn. The Rainbow History Project (RHP) greatly appreciates Jack Nichols’ generosity in sharing these photographs and more with RHP.

The photographs displayed here are the property and copyright of either Jack Nichols or the credited creators of the photos. They may not be used without permission.</text>
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              <text>Survival: A Speech&#13;
&#13;
By Jack Nichols&#13;
&#13;
I delivered the following speech approximately twelve years ago at a Cancer Survivor's meeting at the Cocoa Beach Country Club on June 6, 1993. Happily, I'm still here to re-run the speech years later in 365gay.com&#13;
&#13;
My name is Jack Nichols and I'm a cancer survivor. I'm honored to be here and I'm glad to be here too!	 &#13;
&#13;
I've always been known as the house radical. The word "radical" has been besmirched by the popular culture. To be radical, according to the dictionary, is to go to the root. I think that the word "radish" may come from this word, and so if it makes you feel better you can call me a radish. If radicals scare you, rest easy because I've got only a few words to say.&#13;
&#13;
I run counter to the mainstream, and I've never expected to be very popular. To a radical, the real fun lies in speaking his honest thoughts. &#13;
&#13;
I'm an agnostic. A non-believer, a heretic, an infidel. Well, you say, an agnostic stands somewhere between belief in God and non-belief. I stand closer to non-belief. When I think about my own religious nature, about spiritual matters, I never include the Sky God in my picture. I'm a humanist, which is like being a spiritualized.&#13;
&#13;
By saying this, I don't mean to denigrate anybody else's beliefs or anybody else's program for survival. I'm saying it mostly to get your attention. I want to map out an alternative route so you can take whatever you like from my thoughts and, possibly, add to your own. I don't expect you to agree with me and I don't expect you to believe me without question. I don't have the whole truth. &#13;
&#13;
I'm a very lucky survivor. I noticed vividly when I was in the limiter flow room (what I call the "bubble room") getting a bone marrow transplant for the blood cancer I've had for eight years, that the humanistic views I've held for over 40 years have served me well enough. &#13;
&#13;
The head nurse in the bone-marrow clinic at Moffitt Cancer Research Institute was quoted in Moffitt's quarterly publication talking about attitude. A good attitude, she insisted, helps if one hopes to survive. And she also said (if I may be permitted to boast just a little) that nobody had a better attitude than I. &#13;
&#13;
During my visits to the clinic, both before and after the bone marrow operation, I noticed there were a goodly number of fellow patients who'd seemed to lose touch with their own personalities. They were just like bumps on a log. Some thumbed through copies of whatever scriptures they'd found most useful. GOOD! Good, if those scriptures worked. But for me, the scriptures were nothing more than the histories of certain Middle Eastern tribes. I had to have something else. I found that I could depend on the one person they say God helps most: the person who helps himself. &#13;
&#13;
During the week that I got out of the bone marrow clinic I went into a participating doctor's office. His receptionist, seeing I was recuperating quickly, said, "You must have a very good friend up there." I replied: "Wrong direction." &#13;
Then I pointed to myself and said, "I have a very good friend right here." &#13;
Another receptionist in another doctor's office said, "You look awfully happy today. Who is making you so happy?" &#13;
I replied, "I am." &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
I wanted both of these receptionists to realize that for me the direction of one's focus is paramount. Most people try to lean on something outside of themselves, either their gods or their loved ones. But for me, in the last analysis, my focus has been on self. On self-care, on self-awareness, on self-scrutiny, on inner harmony. &#13;
&#13;
Generally, people don't get religion until they're in a jam. Then they go miracle-hunting. Often, they're too late. I say that the time to start saving ones self is never too early. The program I recommend covers two aspects of the same material substance: mind and body. &#13;
&#13;
When I was fifteen my Scottish grandfather gave me a book called As a Man Thinketh by James Allen. That book begins much as does the ancient Buddhist scripture, The Dhammapada. With the mind. With what is in the mind. "As we think in our hearts, so are we." It says we are literally what we think, our character, our attitudes, our feelings being the complete sum of our thoughts, of what we've allowed into our minds, of what we've absorbed. &#13;
&#13;
It helps to be a radical. It helps because the popular culture is so much over-run with un-healthy thoughts. It helps to be able to stand aside from the popular culture and to carefully pick and choose the things with which we program our minds. A mind that program's itself, rather than allowing the culture to program it, has a better chance for survival. &#13;
&#13;
The Buddhist scripture says: "We are what we think, having become what we thought," or, in another translation: "What we are today comes from our thoughts of yesterday, and our present thoughts build our life of tomorrow. Our life is the creation of our mind." &#13;
&#13;
There are many ways to pick and choose what we'll put into our minds. When I was fifteen I realized that one of those ways was music: records, songs, on the jukebox, songs on the radio. I didn't want to wallow in sadness. One's teen years are generally poignant enough as it is. I was determined to listen, to absorb only those songs that gave me a lift, which picked up my spirits, which widened my view. Perry Como had a song on every jukebox in those days. It was a sad song called "Prisoner of Love." The lyrics were bring-down. “Alone from night to night you'll find me too weak to break the chains that bind me.” &#13;
&#13;
Those weren't words calculated to bring happiness. They were accompanied by a beautiful melody, no doubt, but the words themselves were the ravings of a mental masochist. I didn't want to wallow in unhappiness. I wanted to be happy. &#13;
&#13;
When I got diagnosed with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia at age 47, I decided I was going to take very good care of my body, diseased though it might be. I am now 55 years old. I've spent most of the last decade taking a few minutes out of each day to swim a few laps, to go every day to the nautilus gym. Not to over-do it exercising, but to keep myself trim and fit.&#13;
&#13;
When I entered the "bubble room" to get my bone marrow transplant it was obvious I'd been indulging in self-care. I had extra energy. I had musculature. I was able to laugh: heartily. I had confidence. I wasn't focused on negatives. I knew I'd lived a life of which I could be proud. I knew my heart wouldn't give out on me. I knew I'd done what I could do to make the world a better place, to make those I'd cared for a bit happier. The famous 19th century agnostic orator, Robert G. Ingersoll, had influenced me early in life with these words: &#13;
The time to be happy is now.&#13;
The place to be happy is here.&#13;
The way to be happy is to make others so. &#13;
&#13;
Some people said, "I'll pray for you," and I appreciated their thoughtfulness. But I also recalled what Ingersoll had said: "The hands that help are better far than lips that pray." &#13;
My doctor, Dr. Edward Knight of Rockledge, helped me. Today I want to thank him publicly for that help and I want to thank his magnificent staff too. I also want to thank my indefatigable friend, my great friend, my mother, Mrs. Mary Lund. &#13;
&#13;
At Moffitt's Cancer Research Center I was released second soonest from the "bubble room" in Moffitt's history of 200 transplants. I was one of 2% who ate my meals in the "bubble room" all the way through the program. I laughed as I entered the "bubble room" and I laughed coming out 22 days later. &#13;
&#13;
But how was this possible? Mainly to those of you who have cancer and to those who've survived it, I want to say just a few things - to make a few points. &#13;
&#13;
Turn your attention away from externals-away from pie in the sky. If you believe in God, realize that God lives inside YOU, not outside - not up in the sky. Use each moment to care for yourself, your mind/body. Spend every minute free to you to take care of your inner reality. &#13;
&#13;
I want you to develop true body consciousness. What is true body consciousness? My favorite poet, Walt Whitman - the poet of life affirmation -gives us a good hint. In the 19th century when our private parts were unmentionable, Whitman wrote in Leaves of Grass: "I keep as delicate around the bowels as I do around the head and heart." That was revolutionary stuff in those days. It is revolutionary today!&#13;
&#13;
Most people, because of our anti-body culture, a culture that teaches us that our bodies are the centers of corruption, turn away from such self-scrutiny. &#13;
&#13;
But when you need it, if you treat your body well, your body may turn out to be an old friend to you. But even if it doesn't, even if it gives way to the power of disease, your good thoughts can still carry you - if you cultivate them -they can carry you to a laughing, proud ending. &#13;
I want to say that I do not believe in a god who punishes …Illness is not a punishment. Ingersoll put it in verse: &#13;
&#13;
The simple truth is what we ask. Not the ideal; &#13;
We've set ourselves the noble task to find the real.&#13;
If all there is is not but dross, we want to know and bear our loss. &#13;
We will not willingly be fooled by fables nursed;&#13;
Our hearts, by earnest thought, are schooled to bear the worst;&#13;
And we can stand erect and dare all things, all facts that really are.&#13;
We have no god to serve or fear, no hell to shun,&#13;
No devil with malicious leer when life is done&#13;
An endless sleep may close our eyes, a sleep with neither dreams nor sighs.&#13;
We have no master on the land--No king in air--&#13;
Without a manacle we stand, without a prayer,&#13;
Without a fear of coming night, we seek the truth, we love the light.&#13;
We do not bow before a guess, a vague unknown;&#13;
A senseless force we do not bless in solemn tone.&#13;
When evil comes we do not curse or thank because it is no worse.&#13;
When cyclones rend--when lightning blights, 'Tis naught but fate;&#13;
There is no god of wrath who smites in heartless hate.&#13;
Behind the things that injure man there is no purpose, thought or plan.&#13;
We waste no time in useless dread, in trembling fear;&#13;
The present lives, the past is dead and we are here,&#13;
All welcome guests at life's great feast… &#13;
&#13;
I repeat: Illness is no punishment. Don't punish yourself imagining that it is. &#13;
&#13;
I would like to recommend this little book As a Man Thinks by James Allen. It is an updated, newly published version of the book my grandfather gave me when I was fifteen. I bought my copy at Waldenbooks. Its one of the oldest self-help or self-empowerment books in existence, over a century old. That is what I'm here to extol for you today: self-help and self-empowerment. &#13;
&#13;
 &#13;
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