19 25 1983 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barbara Gittings Papers on the Mattachine Society and Other Homophile Organizations, 1962-2001 (Series VI) Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Papers: Digital Collection, 1962-1972 Description An account of the resource Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007 Tobin Lahusen, Katherine "Kay," 1930-2021 Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items available online. All other items open to all <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">people at the DC History Center</a>, MS 0764, Series VI. Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965. Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. Abstract A summary of the resource. At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog. There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure. Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist. Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community. In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing. Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964. Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality. In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues. Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties. In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1962-2001 (bulk 1962-1980) Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data mimeographed document Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay is good : resolution adopted unanimously by the North American Conference of Homophile Organizations Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement--United States North American Conference of Homophile Organizations Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=North+American+Conference+of+Homophile+Organizations">North American Conference of Homophile Organizations</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1968-08">1968-08</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Homophile Organizations https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/3df597caed01eb8c7539a278273d1820.pdf 1dd7344adf3403c70851f68830cc802b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Women's Alternative, GWA-DC (Series III) Description An account of the resource Documents relating to the Gay Women's Alternative of DC from 1980 to 1993. includes committee reports, ephemera, newspaper clippings and program announcements. From 1981 to 1993, the Gay Women's Alternative of D.C. served as an essential educational and social focus for the metropolitan area's lesbian community. The organization dedicated itself to presenting an alternative to the closet and to the bars for the area's women, by providing lectures, social events, and discussions, often at the Washington Ethical Society. GWCDC became known for its dances for women, particularly its signature Spring Cotillion, and for its involvement with other women's events in the area including the summer Sisterfire musical extravaganzas and the Passages conferences. In 1985, GWA-DC presented its first conference. The initial organizers included Ina Alterman, Trish Bangert, Bonnie Becker, Susan Geiger, Maryl Kerley, Ann Meltzer, Lil Russo, and Joyce Sideman. By 1993, facing competition from a growing array of competing lesbian organizations, the demands of running a major social organization, and the group's inability to meet speakers' and performers' growing requests for payment (GWA had from the outset determined not to pay such fees), the board of Gay Women's Alternative decided to close down the organization following its final Spring Cotillion in May 1993. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRrHRW9S4p4M2LbE8Ot_uy0s29zU0-WxmmuAc1mdFyw-B29zuwkrTGp2ajcMR5VfDL8j97idIwbmXZ_/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Available to all people, by appointment, at the <a href="http://dchistory.org/library/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DC History Center</a>. Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRrHRW9S4p4M2LbE8Ot_uy0s29zU0-WxmmuAc1mdFyw-B29zuwkrTGp2ajcMR5VfDL8j97idIwbmXZ_/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data printed brochure Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Lesbian is... Subject The topic of the resource Lesbians--Washington (D.C.)--20th century National Organization for Women. Washington, D.C. Chapter NOW National Task Force on Sexuality & Lesbianism Description An account of the resource Informational brochure Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=NOW+National+Task+Force+on+Sexuality+%26+Lesbianism">NOW National Task Force on Sexuality & Lesbianism</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Organization for Women Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Lesbians National Organization for Women (NOW) https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/04735a02a6fbc85db713b84abe800639.pdf 04e4f7f60709ad2918b7e26f8406439e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lesbian Avengers - DC Subject The topic of the resource The Lesbian Avengers were founded in 1992 in New York City as a lesbian direct-action group. Lesbian Avengers were known for their street theater and in-your-face activism. Lesbians would often "eat fire" at their demonstrations as a symbol of taking power back from those who attempt to destroy us. Among their symbols were a bomb with a fuse and t-shirts stating "We Recruit", playing on heterosexual fears. Organizing materials for direct action protests became guides that were often used by other LGBTQ groups. The Lesbian Avengers formed a chapter in Washington, DC ahead of the 1993 March on Washington. Beth Armitage was among the principal conveners of the new group. Cheryl Cort was a co-founder of the Lesbian Avengers' second incarnation (1996). The DC Lesbian AVengers have re-organized at least twice since 1993. Weekly meetings were held at Lammas Bookstore (1426 21st St NW). The DC group became an ally of local AIDS protest organizations and provided a new activist front for local lesbians. The Avengers protested many forms of discrimination: against the Promise Keepers movement, against George Mason University, against harassment of Casa Nova in Pennsylvania. The Avengers' flyer for the Promise Keepers protest warned: We are here to remind you that we are not invisible. We are not quiet. We may be part of your families, but we want no part of your vision for our country. The flyer goes on to make its own promises: We promise to recruit. We promise to lead. We promise to fight hate. We promise to be visible. We promise to subvert. We promise to be inclusive. We promise to reproduce. DC's chapter was instrumental in organizing the first Dyke March on April 24, 1993. The march, without a permit (a tactic which has become a tradition), drew 20,000 women who set off from Dupont Circle to march through the neighborhood and up to Meridian Hill. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. the dulling of the blade This Is a local story, a national story, a women's story, and mast of all a lesbian-feminist story. It is about an issue for which feminists and especially lesbians have been taking flak for years: working with men. In Washington there is remarkably l i t t l e cooperation between lesbians and gay men. The Gay Activists Alliance, the Gertrude Stein Democratic Club, the Gay Switchboard, and the Gay Community Center have few women neuters despite attempts at outreach. Lesbians show up at the ainual gay pride celebration but do not get involved in the planning of i t. This story is primarily about the Blade, recently renamed the Washington Blade, whose masthead proclaims it "the gay newspaper of the nation's capital." The Blade began l i f e in 1969 as the Gay Blade and was at the beginning a struggling mimeographed publication on • which lesbians played a significant role. It is now a competently produced biweekly tabloid'that covers local and national gay-related news and circulates mostly in the Washington-Baltimore area. In early 1981 i t plans to go weekly and aim for a more national distribution. Donna Harrington,' one of the co-authors of this article,.was for a year the office manager and a contributing writer of the Blade. Susanna Sturgis. the other co-author, was a contributing writer during roughly the same period. Neither of us-, for reasons that will become obvious, remains associated with the paper in any capacity. For each of us, the decision to leavB the Blade was d i f f i c u l t -aad... complicated. During and since the period of disassociation we, separately and together, have discussed our experiences with other activists and writers in the Washington lesbian community. Both of us at the time believed that what had happened to us and what we had learned from it were matters of local interest only. We have since been persuaded otherwise. We read about the San Francisco Lesbian Chorus, which was invited to sing at a fund-raising event for city supervisor Harry B r i t t ; a female impersonator "entertainer" made grossly misogynist jokes, and the chorus walked out. We read about lesbian Feminist Liberation in New York, which withdrew from a coal i t mlBjMKhning a march on Albany for lesbian and gay rights because of, the .prominence accorded to the founder of the North American Man/Boy Love Association. We read Vicki Plotter's provocative discussion of the issue in the July 1980 Big Hama Rag, entitled "Lesbians and the Gay Movement: Are Lesbians Glad To Be TGay'?" We read Vickie Leonard's commentary on working with men in the November 1980 oob, called very appropriately "On Second Thought, We Were Righ%7lr" Yet two lesbian-feminist former members of the Blade's board of directors remember that in the months following the defeat of the gay rights ordinance in Miami, the paper was receptive to lesbianfeminist participation. One suggests that this may have been related to the vulnerability that many gays f e l t after the Dade County defeat, the campaign for the Briggs i n i t i a t i v e i.n California, and other threats. Gay men in Washington feel less vulnerable now. The mayor appears regularly at gay functions and acknowledges that gay voters provided his margin of victory in 1978. Gay bars proliferate in the more comfortable areas of town. The slick Washingtonian magazine's September cover story was "Is DC Becoming the Gay Capital of America?" In Washi ington at least, gay men—whom lesbian activist Sally Gearhart called "the most cooptable group of all oppressed groups"—are making i t, and i t is not likely that they will be enthusiastic about the lesbian-feminist proposition that patriarchy needs overthrowing. bummed out at the office "If you scream, people say you're melodramatic; if you submit, you're masochistic; if you call names, you're a bitch." Joanna fiuss. The Female Man Donna Harrington was hired for the 35-hour-a-week position of administrative assistant at the Blade in early May 1979. A newcomer to the D.C. area, she looked forward to working both in the field of journalism and within the gay community. There would be no more getting fired for being open about her sexuality. She liked the four other full-time staff members, all of whom were men. They went out of their way to help her feel welcome and relaxed in her job. After several weeks she received her f i r s t local news assignment covering a lesbian art opening at the Gay Cownunlty ; Center. She thought she had found a new career and a new l i f e at the Blade. At Donna's f i r s t work evaluation in August, editor Don Michaels praised her highly and told her that he wanted her to assume the role of editor df the Community Focus section in September. He promised her an office assistant and asked her to start wording a 4 0 - hW week, effective Immediately. By the end of the summer she •as elected to the. paper's board of directors. ,* Week* passed with no further mention of Donna's new duties or the promised Office assistant. Gradually, she began to find the L Blade office a very Isolated place, Most visitors were male adver- ! t i t e r s , and most of them assumed that she was the receptionist, , am assumption that was tacitly encouraged by the Blade's male staff. At this time she was also becoming more aware of the lesbian- : feminist presence In the community, and she resolved to become a 1 writer':fo/1§bb. Don and Steve Mart/, then ad manager, both expressed ?f I stroma dissatisfaction with her proposal. Don sharply reprimanded her reporters" for the Blade. Donn» dropped the idea. During the falFuonna was hospitalized with a serious illness. The hospital was directly across the street from the newspaper office, but not one of her co-workers came to v i s i t , and only one of them even telephoned. When she returned to work, she was greeted rather stonily by Don. It seemed that while she was out, he and Steve had gone through her work files and found numerous" problems. They made i t clear that she was to redeem herself or be fired. In the following weeks she discovered that most of the errors had been Steve s, not hers. Steve refused to discuss the matter. When she.brought i t . to Don's attention, he insisted that she was merely trying to shirk her responsibility. At this time, Donna was finally allowed to hire D.C. poetactivist Susan Wood-Thompson as office assistant. Susan's presence, though only 10 hours a week, relieved some of Donna's isolation as a woman and a feminist. After several weeks, despite Susan's r e l i a - , b i l i t y and good work, Don insisted that she change to a schedule that was more convenient for him but impossible for.'her. Donna suggested that Susan be given a key to the office, an easy solution to the scheduling problems. Don Michaels refused and even objected to Donna's lending Susan her key. His reason? He was certain, with' no proof, that a former woman staff member with a key had once stoler • a typewriterj , Donna was becoming increasingly puzzled about where she stood at the Blade. Don had insisted that she l i s t her name in the paper's sti block as "Donna J. Harrington," rather than "D. J. Harrington," which she preferred; he said i t was necessary that the women's community kn< there was a woman on the staff! Then without advance notice she discovered that she was now listed as assistant editor. The change was in name only and reflected no raise in pay or change in responsibilities. When i t was decided to move the office, she was not consulted; when she expressed reservations about the security of the new buildim she was ignored. When she,was harassed and then attacked (fortunately without physical injury,)"iTn'the bathroom, she began to carry a small can of tear-gas spray. This became a standing joke with her male co-workers, who viewed her as paranoid. The gay male in-jokes and intrj-office sexual dynamics further increased her isolation. Donna eventually confronted Don with her frustrations, and he responded defensively and hostilely, telling her that he considered her work to be consistently sloppy and that she did not deserve' his time or understanding. This encounter ended in a shouting match. Steve and Don began to treat her with open hostility; they decreased her editorial responsibilities and redefined her job to be more bookkeeping- oriented. Donna came to feel that improvement was impossible and- in May 1980 she quit as a staff member. The next meeting of the board of directors, of which she was s t i l l part, was called for July she was not informed until after it occurred. In researching and writing this article, we discovered remarkabli parallels between Donna's experiences and those of the woman who preceded her as office manager. Denise Sudell, former acting managing editor at Philadelphia Gay News, found the same anti-woman, antilesbian- feminist hostility there. Denise, in addition, was told to stop covering women's news because women did not spend enough money supporting the paper's advertisers, according to the male editor. oh we of little faith "I realize that it is probably difficult, since you have no lesb; staff members jith editorial responsibilities and ties to the lot bian community, to knou uhat is going on with lesbian and feminist polishing, but I imagine that it would be possible to work something out if the Blade uere billing to have a stronq lesbian presence in the paper," Susanna Sturgis to Steve Martz, 8/J/80 "When I read such things as your rhetorical question about my interest in lesbian content or your dig about no lesbian staff with editorial responsibilities (uhich, in particular, I find an infuriating overs vilification of a complex issue!, I despair about our ability to understand, respect, or trust one another. ' Steve Martz to Susanna Sturgis, 8/8/80 Women writers, to put i t mildly, have not been numerous at the Blade in recent years, and neither have articles of specific Interest to women. Our study of the paper for the 14 months preceding the writing of this article Indicated that such stories and features constituted at best 15 percent of the Blade's copy. In a telephone Interview with Mb collective member TaBTbejanikus. Don Michaels said that the paper covered a lot of general news of interest to both men and women, unfortunately, much of this so-called general news Involves women In the same peripheral way that history textbooks and the Washington Post do: male recorders talking to mile activists who communicate with mile o f f i c i a l s. Donna, her predecessor as office manager, and the feminist members of the board of directors actively tried to recruit woman writers for the Blade. They worked unsuccessfully to revive regular writers meetings end to hold open houses especially for women. They began to develop a support system for women who worked on the paper. ThJTmenaglng editor did not encourage any of these activities. m i l ii u iw.li J I U I J , a nmiuiiai n u i ; , a wuncn i nury, ana most of all i lesbian-feminist story. tt is about an Issue for which feminists and especially lesbians have been taking flak for years: working with men. In Washington there fs remarkably l i t t l e cooperation between lesbians and gay men. The Gay Activists Alliance, the Gertrude Stein Democratic Club, the Gay Switchboard, and the Gay Community Center have few women members despite attempts at outreach. Lesbians show up at the ainual gay pride celebration but do not get Involved in the planning of i t. This story is primarily about the Blade, recently renamed the Washington Blade, whose masthead proclaims I t "the gay newspaper of the nation's capital." The Blade began l i f e in 1969 as the Gay Blade and was at the beginning a struggling mimeographed publ1 cation on • which lesbians played a significant role. It is.now a competently produced biweekly tabloid that covers local and national gay-related news arid circulates mostly in the Washfngton-Baltimore area.. In early 1981 1t plans to go weekly and aim-for a more national distribution. Donna,Harrington, one of the co-authors of this article, was for a year the office manager and a contributing writer of the Blade. , Susanna Sturgis, the other co-author, was a contributing writer during roughly the same period. Neither of us, for reasons that will become •' obvious, remains associated with the paper in any capacity. For each of us, the H « M ^ M I tn i?fwn +h? m ^ e vili djjij&cuji Jnfl complicated. During and since the period of disassoclation we,,separately and together, have discussed our experiences with other activists and-••. .. writers 1n the Washington lesbian community. Both of us at the time believed that what had happened to us and what we had learned from i t •. were matters of local interest only. We have since been persuaded ' ,. Otherwise. We read about the San Francisco Lesbian.Chorus, which was invited ',', to sing at a fund-raising event for city supervisor Harry'Br1tt; a female impersonator "entertainer" made grossly misogynist jokes, and the chorus walked out. We read about Lesbian. Feminist Liberation in New York, which withdrew from a coalitiflnRhning a march on Albany for lesbian and gay rights because of the prominence accorded to • the founder of the North American Man/Boy Love Association. We read Vicki Piotter's. provocative discussion of the issue 1n the July 1980 Big Mama Rag, entitled "Lesbians and the Gay Movement: Are Lesbians Glad To Be TGay'?" We read Vickie Leonard's commentary on working with men in the Novenfcer 1980; oob, called very appropriately "On Second Thought, We Were Right?1- Yet two lesbian-feminist former members of the Blade's board of directors remember that in the months following the defeat of the gay rights ordinance in Miami, the paper was receptive to lesbianfeminist participation. One suggests that this may have been related to the vulnerability that many gays f e l t after the Dade County defeat, the campaignfor the Briggs initiative in California, and other threats! Gay men in Washington feel less vulnerable now. The mayor appears regularly at gay functions and acknowledges that gay voters provided his margin of victory in 1978. Gay bars proliferate in the more comfortable areas of town. The slick Washingtgnian magazine's September' cover story was "Is DC Becoming the Gay Capital of America?" In Washington at least., gay men—whom lesbian activist Sally Gearha.rt called "the most cooptable group of all oppressed groups"—are making i t, and i t is not likely that they will be enthusiastic about the lesbian-feminist proposition that patriarchy needs overthrowing. bummed out at the office "If Hou scream, people say you're melodramatic; if you submit, you're masochistic; if you call names, you're a bitch." Joanna Russ, The Female Man Donna Harrington was hired for the 35-hour-a-week position of administrative assistant at the Blade in early May 1979. A newcomer to the D.C. area, she looked forward to working both in the field of journalism and within the gay community. There would be no more getting fired for being open about her sexuality. She liked the four other full-time staff members, all of whom were men. They went out of their way to help her feel welcome and relaxed in her job. After several weeks she received her f i r s t local news assignment covering a lesbian art opening at the Gay Community Center. She thought she had found a new career and a new l i f e at the Blade. At Donna's f i r s t work evaluation 1n August, editor Don Michaels praised her highly and told her that he wanted her to assume the role of editor of the Community Focus section In September. He promised her an office assistant and asked her to start working a 40-tibur week, effective Immediately. By the end of the summer she M S elected to the, paper's board of directors. Weeks passed with no further mention of Donna's new duties or t*e promised office assistant. Gradually, she began to find the Blade offIce a very isolated place. Most visitors were male adver- M«ert, and most of them assumed that she was the receptionist. • • assumption that was tacitly encouraged by the Blade's male staff. Jit this time she was also becoming more aware of IKeTesbianfeerinlst presence In the community, and she resolved to become a writer fbrJ?tob. Don and Steve Hartz, then ad manager, both expressed » strong dissatisfaction with her proposal. Don sharply reprimanded her for her alleged disloyalty. He believed that organizational a f f i l i a t i o n elsewnere In the lesbian and gay co«*unlt1es would prevent staff and writers from being truly loyal members of and "objective reporters" for the Blade. Oonna dropped the Idea. During the fallHGoSna was hospitalized with a serious Illness. The hospital was directly across the street from the newspaper office, but not one of her co-workers came to v i s i t , and only one of the» even telephoned. When she returned to work, she was greeted rather stonily by Don. It seemed that while she was out, he and Steve had gone through her work files and found numerous- problems. They made i t clear that she was to redeem herself or be fired. In the following weeks she discovered that most of the errors had been Steve's, not hers. Steve refused to discuss the matter. When she brought i t to Don's attention, he insisted that she was merely trying to shirk her responsibility. At this time. Donna was finally allowed to hire D.C. poetactivist Susan Wood-Thompson as office assistant. Susan's presence, though only 10 hours a week, relieved some of Donna's isolation as a woman and a feminist. After several weeks, despite Susan's reliab i l i t y and good work, Don Insisted that she change to a schedule that was more convenient for him but impossible for her. Donna suggested that Susan be given a key to the office, an easy solution to the scheduling problems. Don Michaels refused and even objected to Donna's lending Susan her key. His reason? He was certain, with no proof, that a former woman staff member with a key had once stolen a typewriter. Donna was becoming increasingly puzzied about where she stood at the Blade. Don had insisted that she l i s t her name 1n the paper's stj block as "Donna J. Harrington," rather than "D, J. Harrington," .which She preferred; he said i t was necessary that the women's community kn< there was a woman on the staff. Then without advance notice she discovered that she was now listed as assistant editor. The change was in name only and reflected no raise in pay or. change in responsibilities. When i t was decided to move the office, she was not consulted; when she expressed reservations about the security of the new buildini she was ignored. When she^as harassed and then attacked (fortunateli without physical injur'y'J'ih the bathroom, she began to carry a small can of tear-gas spray. This became a standing joke with her male co-workers, who viewed her as paranoid. The gay male in-jokes and intra-office sexual dynamics further Increased her isolation. Donna eventually confronted Don with her frustrations, and he responded defens-ively and hostilely, telling her that he considered her work to be consistently sloppy and that She did not deserve' his time or understanding. This encounter ended in a shouting match. Steve and Don began to treat her with open hostility; they decreased her editorial responsibilities and redefined her job to be more bookkeeping- oriented. Donna came to feel that improvement was Impossible and in May 1980 she quit as a staff member. The next meeting of the board of directors, of which she was s t i l l part, was called for July she was not informed until after 1t occurred. In researching and writing this article, we discovered remarkabl parallels between Donna's experiences and those of the woman who preceded her as office manager. Denise Sudell, former acting managing editor at Philadelphia 6ay News, found the same anti-woman, antilesbian- feminlst hostility there. Denise, in addition, was told to stop covering women's news because women did not spend enough money supporting the paper's advertisers, according to the male editor. oh vye of little faith "I realise that it is probably difficult, since you have no Utsb staff merters with editorial responsibilities end ties to the lei bian camunity, to know what is,going on with lesbian and feminist polishing, but I imagine that it would be poesible to work something out if the Blade were billing to have a strong lesbian presence in the paper. " Susanna Sturgis to Steve Hartz, 8/2/80 "When I read such things cm your rhetorical question about my interest in lesbian content or your dig about no lesbian staff with editorial responsibilities (which, in particular, I find an . infuriating oversimplification of a conplex issue!, I despair d>out our ability to understand, respect, or trust one another. Steve Martz to Susanna Sturgis, 8/8/80 'Women writers, to put I t mildly, have not been numerous at the Blade In recent years, and neither have articles of specific Interest to women. Our study of the paper for the 14 months preceding the writing of this article Indicated that such stories and features constituted at best 15 percent of the Blade's copy. In a telephone Interview with oob collective Meatier TacTeDeJanlkus. Don Michaels said that the paper covered a lot of general news of Interest to both men and woman, unfortunately, much of this so-called general news Involves women in the same peripheral way that history textbooks •"* t h * MwMwittf) Pott do: male recorders talking to male activists w*o communicate with male o f f i c i a l s. Oonna, her predecessor as office manager, and the feminist members of the board of directors actively tried to recruit women writers for the Blade. They worked unsuccessfully to revive regular writers meetings and to hold open houses especially for women. They began to develop • support system for women who worked on the paper. The managing editor did not encourage any of these activities. Susanna, who had already published a few articles in the Blade. was recruited as a regular writer by a woman board member In the'early summer of 197g. She had reservations about writing for a largely male continumd on next pag m*~?u< igao/off our backs • M t t and nonfenrinlst audience but at the same time was interested in reachi ng lesbians who did not regularly read oob or the Washington Area Women's Center newsletter to which she was also a contributor Her early experiences were positive. She did occasional news and feature stories as well " " » 1 tories as wel l as revie"w" s, a">n*d assoc•i•a-t»e- edi tor Steve' Mart* and Don Michaels used her a r t i c l e s promptly and with very rare a l t e r a t i o n^ about which she was always consulted. auun'' The relationship began to break down in mid-winter when a review of Monlque H i t t l g and Sande Zeiq's Lesbian Peoples was held for week after week without explanation. .Afte'r Tn""fnquTrv in Anril the a r t i c l e was used i n the May 1 issue. Then i t happened again, with a short review of the Frontiers lesbian history issue. There based lesbian historian and a c t i v i s t who. had even contributed occasional articles to the Blade. On August 2, 1980, Susanna wrote to Steve Martz, expressing her concern about the paper's apparently dwindling commitment to lesbian .content in the "preferences" (reviews)' section, asking'about the fate of the Frontiers review, and tentatively suggesting that i t might "be possible to .wort something out i f the BJ-ade were w i l l i n g to have a strong lesbian presence in'the paper."" 'Steve's response was prompt .ipd astonishing. He avoided Susanna's concerns and wrote, "I sense a lot of between the lines meaning that borders on h o s t i l i t y . As a resi l t , I am pessimistic about our ever being able to establish the kind of trusting relationship that Don and I. enjoy with our. regular writers. . . .Without [ t r u s t ] and. a sense of sharing a common goal, I feel we would just be setting ourselves up for an unpleasant and f u t i l e ' c o n f r o n t a t i o n . " ' , We sense in this letter a lot of between the lines meaning that suggests that Steve did not trust Susanna, very much and that he was . doing the l i o n ' s share of the work 'in setting up an unpleasant and f u t i l e confrontation. His usual excuse when a piece was not used was that there was a two-month backlog of "preferences" a r t i c l e s . As o f f i c e, viorker, however, Donna saw unsolicited submissions come in from men all over the country and receive p r i o r i t y over contributions from regular ^oiiien writers who lived in the paper's circulation area. The Frontiers review was something of a special case. In his letter', Steve wrote that he "held i f at f i r s r i n the hope that a suitable companion piece might develop, '">< #j£gP>' embarrassingly honesl, -hen one did not, 1 forgot that I had l ^ T W i l e ; " -.Details about t h i s' prospective "companion piece" — why i t was thought necessary and what i t was to be — were not forthcoming. What made'the' incident especially nuzzling was that, as Susanna wrote to Steve on October 16, she was not without contacts in the national lesbian historians network" and eight l o g i c a l l y have been consulted aboutthe development of this companion piece." In an interview conducted in preparation for this a r t i c l e , a • 'ormer contributing writer described what she called the managing editor's "Brenda Starr attitude" toward women writers at the paper: no only wanted one female star at a time, and when your time was up, the men started running down your work and showing you no consideration. Susanna realized that her time, such as i t had been, was over. When :Jonna and Susanna l e f t , they took with them their considerable knowledge of the lesbian and feminist communities. The BJjde editors have actively discouraged lesbian writers from developing contacts within or f a m i l i a r i t y with the "women's community.," and unfortunately this deficiency is now being reflected in the paper's coverage of lesbianrelated stories. protecting their own On August 7, 1980, the Blade carried an a r t i c l e , written by the current star woman w r i t e r , about the increasing,incidence of assault on lesbians and gay men near The Other Side, a gay-patronized disco in WashingtW. The thesis of the story was stated succinctly by one of the victims, a gay man who was quoted as saying that "for the last few. years, [the violence] was f a i r l y inactive, then a l l of a sudden i t ' s increasing." But violence against lesbians around The Other Side has been a persistent problem for the last three years, as minimal inquiry in the right places would have revealed. . Over two years ago Washington lesbian a c t i v i s t and writer Wendy Stevens helped organize an ad hoc group called Womanalert to publicize and take action against a series of attacks on women near lesbian bars. After reading the August 7 a r t i c l e , Wendy wrote and submitted to the Blade a four-page essay providing some historical background on the incidence of violence and describing the actions taken by Womanalert — and the h o s t i l i t y with which Womanalert was ret by the male owners of The Other Side. It was September 18 before Don Michaels responded that he would be w i l l i n g to consider the a r t i cle for publication "1f you concur with the alterations I made on the enclosed copy." He did not share Wendy's letter or even the fact of i ts existence with the author of the original a r t i c l e. Don's changes effectively gutted Wendy's essay. When the women of Womanalert t r i e d to d i s t r i b u t e flyers warning about the attacks and Suggesting precautionary measures, one of the bar wners ordered two of Ms bouncers to drag Wendy out of the bar, and he personally told her that she was "binned from the bar." As a result women pleketed The rwh.r <;irf» f „ , t»uarii weeks durino. which they were harassed by speak specifically to the issues of negligence and h o s t i l i t y oh the part of The Other side, you have continued to obscure the bar's disregard for the safety of women c l i e n t s , which 1s the reason I wrote the l e t t e r tq' the Blade,. "^ -She concluded with a request that Don "reconsider p r i n t i ng my l e t t e r to the editor as I t was w r i t t e n . " Not •surprisingly, she has received no reply, and her essay has not been published. Now, four months after the original a r t i c l e appeared, it is unlikely that i t ever w i l l be. exorcising feminists Mac .con: et:; '..;.• Afferent!"' finit\< v{5': them other than the fact - ti'isther 3>'ji ir-presstd us together t''.'- .ivcrw i~:x. Ami the sexes ari so' Sally .Gearhart, oob interview, Jan. 1980 When asked i f the Blade had trouble keeping lesbian-feminists on the s t a f f , Don Michaels replied, "Perhaps. There were personality problems, individual personality'clashes; i t was not a problem of sexism." I t is clear to us that the Blade's trouble with lesbian-feminists involves deep p o l i t i c a l differences that cannot be dismissed as "Individual personality clashes." H i s t o r i c a l l y , when women become independent and self-defining, men t ry to bring them into line by calling them i r r a t i o n a l , hysterical, immature, and neurotic; men persistently.shift the focus from their own oppressiveness to the women's behavior. We are not w i l l i n g to let that happen to us. We know that the gay men who run the Blade have serious problems working with lesbian-feminists, and' we have come to suspect that thev do_not believe that lesbian-feminists have enough "clout" to make working with them worth precious' male' time." TheTr~commb7i response i s" to get r i d of the women who make them uncomfortable. Donna and her predecessor at the Blade and Denise Sudel'l when she was at Philadelphia Gay News had a common experience: as they became more radical, more assertive about feminist issues, and more closely identified with the women's community, their relationships with their gay male colleagues disintegrated. Their competence and commitment abruptly came under attack. The men at the Blade, l i k e men elsewhere, do not refuse to* hire . women; they simply find and cultivate women who w i l l not challenge their authority. The BJade' s \«cw*eht star woman w r i t e r has consistently received .twice as much money for her articles as any other women and almost twice as much as the men. These women are tokens, when Don says that he wants to add a f u l l - t i m e editorial position and hire a woman to f i l l i t , we see no reason to disbelieve him, but we don't anticipate that the woman w i l l be' a feminist either. If on the job she develops the kind of feminist consciousness that would enable her to cover and interpret women's community news, the chances are that working for the Blade would soon become a f r u s t r a t i n g , even intolerable, experience. The lot of the contributing w r i t e r is less intense but nevertheless d i f f i c u l t . On one hand she is part of an international lesbianfeminist writers network Committed to transcending the limits of patriarchal language and l i t e r a t u r e ; on the other she is contributing to a newspaper that apparently aspires to being the gay equivalent of the Washington Post. Her male editors use journalism school phrases l i ke "objective reporting" as i f they had meaning in the real world, she hears "white, male, middle class — with a gay slant." Once she chooses t'o w r i te for an audience that includes nonfeminists and nonlesbians, she risks spending her time explaining over and over why women-only events and organizations are important and what the limits are on "gay s o l i d a r i t y . " Stories that she can't do herself are either ignored or inadequately covered by men or nonfeminists. Feminist staff members and feminist writers have suffered from isolation at the Blade, and the evolution of the B1ade's governing 'structure has not been toward ending that isolation. Twc years ago a few board members were struggling to gain for the board an active • role in the direction and management of the paper. Gradually, thanks to manipulation by the managing editor and apathy or acquiescence by the board members, the board became a rubber stamp. Last summer it was transformed into an employee-held body, .and membership was res t r i c t ed to employees who have worked for 13 months and are able to invest $500 and those already on the board who could pay the $SO0. This change eliminated the last lesbian-feminist from the board. The current structure ensures that the only women who w i l l be able to shape the Blade's future are those who are acceptable to the- men now there and who are w i l l i n g to work in a male-dominated structure with a male- ,defined process. read oob The Blade, now the Washington Blade, is on the verge of becoming a weekly, national gay newspaper". Feminists who are interested in reading gay male news reported from a gay male perspective might want to check i t out, but i f you want to find out what is going on in the Washington area lesbian community, we urge you to subscrihe to oob and i n our own w r i t e , the newsletter of the Washington Area Women's Center. You aren't going to learn much about i t from the Washington Blade. hu rt/mnn .1. Niirri.rulton about which she was always consulted. The relationship began to break down in mid-winter, when a review of Monique W i t t i g and Sande 2eig's Lesbian Peoples was held for week after week without explanation. After an 'inquTry in April the a r t i c l e was used in the May 1 issue. Then i t happened again, with a short review of the Frontiers lesbian history issue. There is no question but that the Blade should have noted the publication of this particular issue Of Frontiers, a women's studies journal Not only is lesbian history of s i g n i f i c a n t interest to "the O.C. lesbian community but this Frontiers was guest-edited by Judith Schwarz, a Washingtonbased lesbian historian and a c t i v i s t who had even contributed occasional articles: to the Blade. On August Z, 1980, Susanna wrote to Steve Marti, expressing her concern about the paper's apparently dwindling commitment.to lesbian content i n the "preferences" (reviews) section; asking about the fate Of the Frontiers review, and tentatively suggesting that i t might "be' possible.to, work something out i f the BJade were w i l l i n g . t o have a strong lesbian presence in the paper. "'~!Tte"ve's response was prompt and.astonishing. He avoided Susanna's concerns and wrote, " I sense a lot of between the lines meaning that borders on h o s t i l i t y . As a res-^ . i l l , - I -am pessimistic -about our ever being able to establish the kind of .trusting relationship that Don and I enjoy with our regular writers. ' . ' . , , Without [ t r u s t ] and a sense /of sharing a common goal , I feel we .would just be s e t t i ng ourselves up for an unpleasant and f u t i l e con-' ';. • frontation." • ' . • We sense in this letter a l o t of between the lines meaniTK) that , ~ suggests that- Steve did 'not t r u s t Susanna very much and that he was; doing the l i o n ' s share of the.work in setting up an unpleasant and f u t i l e confrontation. His usu^l excuse when a piece was not used was Y. that there was a two-month backlog of "preferences" a r t i c l e s . As office worker, however,. Donna saw unsolicited submissions come in from men a l l. over the country and receive p r i o r i t y over contributions from regular , //amen writers who lived in the paper's circulation area. The Frontier's review was something of a special case. In his l e t t e r , Steve wrote that he "held i t at f i r s t " in the hope that a s u i t * '; iile companion piece might devplop, b u r i aJflM?e embarrassingly honest,' rfhpn one did hot, 1 forgot that I had f n f t W i l e . " Details about this, prospective "companion piece" —' why i t was thought necessary and what i t was to be —.were not forthcoming. What made the incident especially• ;-"j2Zl1ng was that, as Susanna wrote to Steve on October 16, she was--'-' not without contacts in the national lesbian historians network" and ' " i g h t - l o g i c a l ly have been consulted about the development of this companion piece. "• In an interview conducted in preparation for t h i s a r t i c l e , a .femur contributing w r i t e r described what she called the managing .•'•tutor's "Brenda, Starr attitude" toward women writers at the paper: »e only wanted one female star at a time, and when your time was up, the men started running down your work and showing you no consideration. Susanna realized that her time, such as i t had been, was Over. When 'jonna and Susanna l e f t , they took with them their considerable knowledge of the lesbian and feminist communities. The Blade editors have actively discouraged lesbian writers from developing contacts within or f a m i l i a r i t y w.ith the "women's community," and unfortunately this deficiency is now being reflected in the paper's coverage of lesbianrelated stories.. protecting their own On August 7, 1980, the BJ_ade carried an a r t i c l e , written by the current star woman w r i t e r , about"the increasing"incidence of assault on lesbians and gay men near The Other Side, a gay-patronized disco in Washingta*,. Tne thesis of the story was stated succinctly by one of the v i c t i m s , a gay man who was quoted as saying that "for the last few years, [the violence] was f a i r l y inactive, then a l l of a sudden^ i t ' s increasing." But violence against lesbians around The Other Side has been a persistent problem for the last three years, as minimal • inquiry in the r i g h t places would have revealed. Over twp years ago Washington lesbian a c t i v i s t and writer Wendy Stevens helped organize an ad hoc group called Womanalert to p u b l icize and take action against a series of attacks on women near lesbian bars. After reading the August 7 a r t i c l e , Wendy wrote and sub- ' mitted to the Blade' a four-page essay providing some historical background on the incidence of violence and describing the actions taken by Womanalert — and the h o s t i l i t y with which Womanalert was met by the male owners of The Other Side. It was September 18 before Don Michaels, responded that he would be w i l l i n g to consider the a r t i cle for publication " i f you concur with the alterations 1 made on the enclosed copy." He d id not share Wendy's l e t t e r or even the fact of i t s existence with the author of the original a r t i c l e. Don's changes e f f e c t i v e l y gutted Wendy's essay. When the women of Womanalert t r i e d to d i s t r i b u t e flyers warning about the attacks and suggesting precautionary measures, one of the bar owners ordered two of his bouncers to drag Wendy out of the bar, and he personally told her that she was "benned from the bar." As a result women Picketed The Other Side for Stveral weeks, during which they were harassed by the co-owners, who shouted lines like."you know, we don't need women to make t h i s bar work." Don deleted a l l of t h i s information with the comwnt th«t "Rehashing the specific hassles with Chris [one of the bar owners] would no' doubt cause a l o t of f r i c t i o n that would obfuscate the more Important points being made." ... . .. . Wendy-wrote back on September 28 that Don's editing indicated that , he misunderstood her Intentions and reiterated that "the story pre- # Sented i n the Blade Is out of context and misrepresents 'management that has h l s t o f l c T n y f e l t no need to be accountable to the communi t y which supports I t . By editing out the portions of my l e t t e r which published. Now, four months after the original a r t i c l e appeared, i t is unlikely that i t ever w i l l be. exorcising feminists id <m iffintt'.! jith them other than the fact :'.'r.K-''i u~ loizthcr .„?*;.; ?rpreosed us toaether Sally Gearhart, •T. t i e cexas) are so oob interview, Jan, 1980 When asked i f the Blade had trouble keeping lesbian-feminists on the s t a f f , Don Michaels replied,, "Perhaps. There were personality problems, individual personalitv clashes; it. was not a problem, of sexism." I t is clear to us that the Blade's trouble with lesbian-feminists jnvftlves deep p o l i t i c a l differences that r.c&nnot be dismissed as,,"indivr,, idual personality clashes." Historically, when women become independent and self-defining, men t ry to bring them into line by c a l l i ng them i r r a t i o n a l , hysterical, immature, and neurotic; men persistently shift the focus from their own oppressiveness to the women's behavior. We are not w i l l i n g to let that happen to us. . 'Je know that the gay men who run'the Blade have serious problems .working with .lesbian-feminists, and we have come to suspect that thev do_not believe that lesbian-feminists have enough "clout" to make working with them worth precious" male" time. Tfiei"f~T:oniro"n'response i s • • to get r i d of the women who make them uncomfortable. Donna and her predecessor at the Blade and penise Sudel1 when she was at Philadelphia Gay News had.a comnon experience: as they became more radical, more assertiye about feminist issues, and more closely identified with the women's comnunity, their relationships with their gay male col^ leagues disintegrated. Their competence a.nd commitment abruptly came under attack. .the men at the Blade, like men elsewhere, do not refuse to_ hire women; they simply find and c u l t i v a te women who w i l l not challenge their authority. The Blade's .curEeht star woman w r i t e r has consistently received twice as much money for her a r t i c l e s as any other women and almost twice as much as the men. These women are tokens. When Don says.that he wants to add a f u l l - t i m e editorial position and hire a woman to f i l l i t , we see no reason to disbelieve him, but we don't anticipate that the woman w i l l be' a feminist either, If on the job She develops the kind of feminist consciousness that would enable her to cover and interpret women's community news, the chances are th'at working for the Blade would soon become a f r u s t r a t i n g , even intolerable, experience. The lot of the contributing writer is less intense but nevertheless d i f f i c u l t . On one hand she is part of an international lesbianfeminist writers network committed to transcending the l i m i t s of patriarchal language and l i t e r a t u r e ; on the other she is contributing to a newspaper that apparently aspires to being the gay equivalent of the Washington Post. Her male editors use journalism school phrases l i k e ^ ' o b j e c t i ve reporting" as i f they had meaning in the real world, she'h.ears "white, male, middle class — w i th a gay s l a n t . " Once she chooses to w r i te for an audience that includes nonfeminists and nonlesbians, she r i s ks spending her time explaining over and over why_- women-only events and.organizations are important and what the l i m i ts are on "gay s o l i d a r i t y . " Stories that she can't do herself are either ignored or inadequately covered by men or nonfeminists. Feminist staff members and feminist writers have suffered from isolation at the Blade, and the evolution of the Blade's governing structure has not been toward ending that isolation. Twc years ago a few board members were struggling to gain for the board an active role in the direction and management of the paper. Gradually, thanks to manipulation by the managing editor and apathy or acquiescence by the board members, the board became a rubber stamp. Last summer i t was transformed into an employee-held body, and membership was r e s t r i c t ed to employees who have worked for 13 months and are able to invest $500 and those already on the board who could pay the $500. This change eliminated the last lesbian-feminist from the board. The current structure ensures that the only women who w i l l be able to shape the Blade's future are those who are acceptable to the men now there and who are w i l l i n g to work in a male-dominated structure with a maledefined process. , read oob The Blade, now the Washington Blade, is on the verge of becoming a weekly, national gay newspaper, feminists who are interested in reading gay male news reported from a gay male perspective might want to check i t out, but i f you want to f i nd out what is going on in the Washington area lesbian comnunity, we urge you to subscribe to oob and in our own w r i t e , the newsletter of the Washington Area Wonen's Center" You aren't going to learn much about i t from the Washington Blade, . •by Donna J. Harrington and Susanna J. fturgis We uant to thank all the women uho contributed their 6'UiW, expnn.erL.-as, and insights to us as ue worked on this article. We want especially to express our appreciation to the lesbian-feminists of the "no-name" qroup who convinced us that our story must be told and then supported UJI as we worked on it. Blessed be I ntt AIIV hurlrt/rfwnrfwr IMO/DVH Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The dulling of the Blade Subject The topic of the resource Washington Blade, Inc. Gay press publications--Washington (D.C.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Off+our+backs">Off our backs</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Off our backs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1980-12">1980-12</a> Date Issued Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource. 1980-12 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Off our backs, December 1980 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Washington (D.C.) Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Washington Blade, Inc. 1980s Publications Washington Blade https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/2045cd26c840bcdae6f83665d1d0ebb2.pdf 2a7a3e13fac36aeb24ae05db1c9fabc8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Historic Publications Collection Description An account of the resource The Historic Publications Collection combines newsletters, periodicals, newspapers, books, and other publications by, for and about the LGBTQ communities. This collection includes both: 1) single issues of various titles that are digitized and online; and, 2) runs of publications that are available in paper form at the DC History Center--some of these may have a digitized issue or two in this online collection. Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Titles digitized online include: "The Baltimore Gayzette" (Produced by the Baltimore Gay Alliance) "Capitol Hill" (Published by the Gay Rights National Lobby) "Come Out Fighting: A Newsletter" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) "Cruise: Weekly Arts and Entertainment Magazine" "The Furies, Goddesses of Vengeance: A New Lesbian/Feminist Monthly Magazine" "The Lavender and Red Book: A Gay Liberation/Socialist Anthology" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) "The Homosexual Citizen" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) "The Insider" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) "The Gay Blade" "Gay Left" "Gays on the Hill" (Published by Metropolitan Community Church) "Just Us: A Directory of the Washington Gay Community" "Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry" "Motive: Methodist Student Movement" "Musica: Newsletter of Women's Music" (Published by Indra "Indy" Allen) "Off Our Backs: A Women's Liberation Biweekly" "Red Flag Union" (Published by the Red Flag Union in Hollywood, California) Titles available in paper format include: <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/EF152787-E753-4A81-98BC-352621010550" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Advocate (P 4428)</a> <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/17F0A247-1F5A-423A-9DD8-194035327180" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">BGM: Black Gay Male (P 3798)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT-URvXiipp_9oLpk85ukIQRAZ-KE8NbLrQ3Vqas1yuvK_LwFQVCc3d2mpXuGoVualBAEjqS88lb0fo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Black/Out: The Magazine of the National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays (P 3746)</a> <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/072ADDF8-6EB1-42C9-BC9B-334645015229" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Blacklight: BL (P 3797)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRMNot_aI8wzgNyPolSOIcXqELc4iOEZ344oIbfUsq38F_qm_zP03se5ERhI9JlGzP8MTtlDEDQvsyM/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Blade, aka The Washington Blade (P 4092)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSk1nluUXzM5WHheLZ3KH0FxIEBgSVIbwlA9n9Q8ITzez773juJVXcWMAa8XWQdqaMl88J9Pd8z90kb/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ButiVoxx: Hangin' at the Beach (P 7484)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=D6FA5FA7-5F1E-470F-BFDD-704764414254;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Come Out Fighting: The Newspaper of the Lavender and Red Union (P 4429)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT0ygSuwwM7osEAUq19DZRDB79SG0nQSM0eivbgp9yfT1ai9VZoS5m5S5vCLCLtE3QbFH3vmJZ3VIGo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cruise (P 5265)</a> <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/85FD7D8E-90AC-4BAF-B9BA-236360613300" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dorian Book Quarterly (P 3762)</a> <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/B4FE447D-1393-4CEC-95A7-315932234514" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">From the Center: A Publication of the Gay and Lesbian Community Center (P 5153)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=95A93E3E-695D-4FEA-8BED-470192896500;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Furies (P 3796)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=950F02A5-B2AF-4E12-B806-820764303510;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Gay Alternative (P 3764)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=C5041E4B-685F-44AD-AC98-544829469789;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Habari-Daftari: The Newsmagazine of the National Coalition of Black Gays (P 4438)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR0mvUz-4DgFrAne7Lq36XRwN-PgNEbJ_xFk4yOCetJGkzwOnLl7GzB6SypH4lwBfgFBQiC2J2f3C3O/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">In the Family: A Magazine for Gays, Bisexuals, and their Relations (P 7483)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRT5dzowAYoJBFQMdaEWSyE2W4FgdhVCkobDDjpHo8gxQgtDMF0DLgHQLCVThX-5Toe8xCztyz90epj/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">James White Review (P 5508)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR7sT8oSPmwYrUo6fP9iVuyOAI5DHoOivptt7t4f10HYxPzGsm-hoiCR_1-VgZA9isKuk5wh5WoRtGG/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Ladder (P 3763)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSc4izycDdUx2cUXNcTJmZfNnXVG-pGAB9Y88hh9FFBxmDaMAOolG9meN2g0zE6urdjgqapZjndJMlJ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lambda Rising Book Report (P 5264)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=2C29FA49-5477-4C6A-8AFD-114668235015;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry (P 4437)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTSSyZKInuvSM7F0flVdDW6T1J2p3D0pF83HhSscUODFK25iGbULV_zA7JoxjatI06JBnQRL94zrvlt/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Malebox!: DC’s Largest Publication for Black Gay Men (P 7485)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSszwzqFsoPGjXrDgQYwkBahcYMYloruOr3TUfqfXz9LoPBxuxt7iw6RgeIG1eISxWjhfxgc-EQ6kFv/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mattachine Review (P 3761)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTSLESWmUSz9Tc8fBYIAPI0flUdwhE6oE5Sp_8p4jBhnwx6v9qKRJOaa8gCsF8VXT7nQfp33qWjy_zX/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Metro Weekly (P 4573)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRpGOfepm-fAKQxtKzD9OSDSoacs73zE99qL87vPNPgDIQOV4J1Z_YdSdjW_mgBbCPGLmdsyx4JGuT5/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Michael’s Entertainment Weekly (P 5150)</a> <a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=6ACA8DC9-3D4B-4B18-AAFB-591753602431;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Motive (P 4439)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTzeS-BNP2NFpAFRaSC4Gr9JcacUt-zqee75IYcSSjsFdQp6ppJD-XqA3WllYzBdK-YHOSMg6hzRGsM/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">One Magazine: The Homosexual Viewpoint (P 3760)</a> The Other Pages <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/193BA1F9-468B-4415-98C4-212254951886" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(P 4412)</a> <a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/C51A4A45-AE1A-486F-991D-065636732245" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(P 5259)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSB-zsqyYJsqTYPf_WyEjAudp2l7AdJYtA0NtslJ1pHT163NBwBGrE0egEUrSkUF-3jP-IcsQ2GgnCT/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Out Magazine (P 5258)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQurI_ESpP2burYNzy7qg0K6NIOuMOyu-sRMBGLmfHhRcnTjB5DF50DRO_-mDeWeKnIu5ipPCU9zUPF/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Port of Harlem: A Magazine about Blacks at Home and Abroad (P 7486)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQC8KbQ9ln_ypf6n6s5VEHjvKZ6XQysBxgBBySvh8gl7FSR_cTBVD1NBEkKcAvQ9N0FTYS6Rz_yVATg/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Real: The Magazine for Black Gay & Lesbian Brothers & Sisters (P 7487)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQUHIMRHkm5ekmLco5xPaRr55pwH7JSUxaLKrwNsKmilSYEN7Qkd2d1s3dHOZ4qS03NjgY5dF4ReJ4H/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Reel Affirmations (P 5268)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRNePSxazwevOE1YigR9BhbLuorKdUgR74-_VIYhtD4FnoZffQrWbCcwFfJsEI2xS7DO4IXUSxHZhEx/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SBC: A Monthly for the Afrocentric Homosexual Man (P 7489 to DCHC)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSq9SCLixTQrEMsmcHDarkNINyHeEl7Sg_7c6JKuQlYMnPtn1YrivGvvd1U9EpeWzSxBSO9OtXzxFS8/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Silk Road: Asians and Friends of Washington, DC (P 5507)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQUe90hYJEn2ZrZ8cT8BxZlIc_PasiTKlyriYxCcS2PAvywoKBgAtExb4Nq0i24fQSo87KCVLscEbpC/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">TAGG Magazine (P 5277)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRLwyOC_AZ5-7OQ-TlgsMdTn8OfSZrcS6MJkbk_uDUJ7Jx5u5eclvF35k5FOwgPerUNQxvXZVg_jobr/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Vector: A Voice for the Homophile Community (P 3765)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQhGhhiQPRJ9KdeAUkSVNM__R3yPjibb96YEAnUXx6g8mZs5M8-bLhlYBak9M95LZh5ZtcLzeFyLzoD/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Whazzup! Magazine (P 7488)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQgnzcNqUVJ6f5-OatDfpy4eSbqxM4g7tOfCAk86-yEfqztsjZCpfSl73izCGHXfyvi735fNLZwixBj/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Whole Gay Catalog: Books for Gay Men & Lesbians, Their Families & Friends (P 5267)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTnXCv18YlSuc4o3hmaoNMUzA_t10dpeBr-nFcV0KYuxmA2K5UHl4DgBTNsB3PI0sAvPb9AoWtz71Gh/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Women in the Life: The Premiere Women’s Monthly (P 5266)</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQ1D-Lh7QMNH2EXhATSNZz9bAV_0XA9FpA4yAZK5LmGgZzcF7Y5CRfJhlGQKG7_8U-tuhMWq_d3VavZ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WOMO: Woman’s Monthly: A Periodical Calendar for the Women’s Community (P 3759)</a> Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items/issues may be available online. All publications with a "P" number are available to all people, by appointment, at the <a href="https://dchistory.libguides.com/kiplinger-research-library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DC History Center</a>. Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. The Rainbow History Project respects the copyright and intellectual property rights associated with the materials in its collection. To the best of its knowledge, these items are either in the public domain; are orphaned works; and/or had their rights for public display transferred to RHP. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Off Our Backs, volume 3, number 11 Subject The topic of the resource Lesbians--Washington (D.C.)--1970-1979 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Off+our+backs">Off our backs</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available off our backs, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1970-09-30">1970-09-30</a> Date Issued Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource. 1970-09-30 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. off our backs, Inc. 1970s Lesbians Publications https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/07e774f2b65349c50c7982c755cbd3d1.tif 25f33a7001412f00581f4730a5e8aec3 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2200 Height 1273 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Businesses and Venues Collection Description An account of the resource An artificial collection of advertisements, photographs, business cards, matchbooks, and flyers from gay businesses, religious organizations, and other spaces that created a safe haven for gay men, Lesbians, transgender people, and the drag community in Washington, D.C. from the 1950's to the 1980's. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Meinke, Mark Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data newsprint Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Article about Sophie's Parlor Subject The topic of the resource Gay business enterprises--Washington (D.C.) Gays--Social life and customs--Washington (D.C.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Off+Our+Backs">Off Our Backs</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1972-11">1972-11</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) 1970s Bars and clubs Coffee houses Lesbian bars and clubs Lesbians Music Publications Television and radio Women https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/efcce45ac6118d3af198ec5c20ad5eaf.pdf f3715c7adfb7e2112570b96b63a1b2b6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert Mitchell "Judge" Coggin Collection (Series VIII) Description An account of the resource Robert Coggin founded and led the Suburban Maryland Gay Alliance (SMGA) in 1981 to advocate for gay issues in Montgomery County, MD. In the end of 1982, and by June 1983, the group had changed its name to Suburban Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance (SMLGA,) active in Montgomery, Prince George’s and Howard counties, MD. By 1987 it had expanded its mission statewide and changed its name to Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance (MLGA). This organization created the bulk of these records related to their advocacy work on gay equality issues, especially its successful work to have Montgomery County adopt a gay-inclusive anti-discrimination policy in 1984. Surveys and questionnaires were sent to candidates for local, state, and federal elections, and many responses were received and the results tabulated for outreach to voters. The Alliance provided pre-election information to voters as well as post-election materials to hold the politicians accountable and prepare for a future election. The collection contains membership information about the organization(s) and their activities, minutes and newsletters of the boards, as well as founding documents. Several different laws, such as the Anti-discrimination ordinance of Montgomery County; of Prince George’s County; of Maryland State; and the US were lobbied for change and inclusion of LGBT-related protections. Also a court case in 1984 about discrimination and even unsuccessful lobby attempts. There are also clippings related to the Alliance’s activities as well as copies of important national news articles related to homosexuality from the 1960s and 70s. Newsletters and fliers collected by Coggin as a member of the local community may be found in the collection, including his participation in various Pride festivals and National Marches for LGBT equality. Collection includes personal papers of Coggin including photographs, wedding and funeral announcements, as well as biographical materials and some of his poetry and short stories--including multiple drafts. There are several large scrapbooks including documents, clippings, and photographs related to his advocacy and work for LGBT equality. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1va55SK8CEy8ZEeySh99MFUJj-JqfNpOCi_veXoHklXE/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Robert Mitchell "Judge" Coggin Suburban Maryland Gay Alliance Suburban Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are available online. Collection is available for “fair use" to all researchers at <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/">the DC History Center</a> as MS 0764 RHP, Series VIII. Material may be protected by copyright. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data This item is part of the Coggin collection, and is stored at the Historical Society of Washington, MS 0764, Coggin, Box 2, Folder 33. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bill No. 65-83, Discrimination in Housing, Employment, and Public Accomodations Subject The topic of the resource Bill No. 65-83 Montgomery County, MD Anti-gay discrimination Description An account of the resource Full-text of anti-discrimination laws, as amended to include LGBT-protections Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Office+of+Legislative+Counsel%2C+Health+and+Human+Services+Committee%2C+Montgomery+County%2C+MD%0D%0AMark+Hessel%0D%0ACouncilmember+Crenca%0D%0ACouncilmember+Fosler%0D%0ACouncilmember+Gudis">Office of Legislative Counsel, Health and Human Services Committee, Montgomery County, MD Mark Hessel Councilmember Crenca Councilmember Fosler Councilmember Gudis</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=10+Feb+1984">10 Feb 1984</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant This memorandum includes all the texts of the Montgomery County legal codes that prohibit discrimination in public accommodations, and the 1984 amendments which extend those prohibitions to LGBT people. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The ClubHouse Collection Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_yi0jp1QrdJ7zmqj9UinHUb6EZv6ZpgFJc7Maed6Io4/edit?usp=sharing">Paul Butler's The ClubHouse Art Collection</a> Collection #1 The ClubHouse Records, 1975-1990 Description An account of the resource Images and other resources related to The ClubHouse, 1975-1990. Opened in 1975 by Aundrea and Paulette Scott, John Eddy, Chasten Morell, and Rainey Cheeks, The ClubHouse provided the central focus of African-American gay DC social life for 15 years. Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items available online. All other items open to <a href="https://rainbowhistory.omeka.net/contact" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RHP members by appointment only.</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ClubHouse Dancers Subject The topic of the resource African American dancers--Washington (D.C.) African American gays--Social life and customs--20th century Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Out+Magazine">Out Magazine</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Out Magazine The ClubHouse Records, 1975-1990 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Out Magazine Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dawidjan, Wresch Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%C2%A9+Out+Magazine">© Out Magazine</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource image Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Bars and clubs Black ClubHouse Dance clubs Gay bars and clubs Gay men Nightlife https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/712435e35f2c2ee904196d34d4391dbc.mp3 a00a0f12332dbb8e3a8439fd28a546d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gays shouldn't be blatant Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement --United States Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Parker%2C+Pat">Parker, Pat</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Friends Radio Gay Liberation movement Television and radio https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/78a939e2025487ec4346799a8a07f035.mp3 a00a0f12332dbb8e3a8439fd28a546d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gays shouldn't be blatant Subject The topic of the resource Poetry reading--Washington (D.C.)--20th century Gay iiberation movement--Washington (D.C.)--20th century Description An account of the resource Pat Parker reading "Gays shouldn't be blatant" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Parker%2C+Pat%2C+1944-1989">Parker, Pat, 1944-1989</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Friends+%28Radio+Program%29">Friends (Radio Program)</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%C2%A9+Pat+Parker">© Pat Parker</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Friends Radio Gay Liberation movement Poetry Television and radio https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/3a260180fade4cab92eefa0d90409f06.pdf 566851180275199fd6fc6780e8e8ce7b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barbara Gittings Papers on the Mattachine Society and Other Homophile Organizations, 1962-2001 (Series VI) Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Papers: Digital Collection, 1962-1972 Description An account of the resource Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007 Tobin Lahusen, Katherine "Kay," 1930-2021 Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items available online. All other items open to all <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">people at the DC History Center</a>, MS 0764, Series VI. Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965. Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. Abstract A summary of the resource. At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog. There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure. Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist. Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community. In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing. Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964. Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality. In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues. Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties. In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1962-2001 (bulk 1962-1980) Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data printed essay Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Essays on Homosexuality, Essay number 4. Homosexuals and employment Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement--United States Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Parker%2C+William">Parker, William</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Corinthian Foundation Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1970">1970</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant United States Employment Gay rights https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/a5193bca0d8ea2abe2a96607f6025c5a.pdf 53370e450a1725b83d6754005f5e5adb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robert Mitchell "Judge" Coggin Collection (Series VIII) Description An account of the resource Robert Coggin founded and led the Suburban Maryland Gay Alliance (SMGA) in 1981 to advocate for gay issues in Montgomery County, MD. In the end of 1982, and by June 1983, the group had changed its name to Suburban Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance (SMLGA,) active in Montgomery, Prince George’s and Howard counties, MD. By 1987 it had expanded its mission statewide and changed its name to Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance (MLGA). This organization created the bulk of these records related to their advocacy work on gay equality issues, especially its successful work to have Montgomery County adopt a gay-inclusive anti-discrimination policy in 1984. Surveys and questionnaires were sent to candidates for local, state, and federal elections, and many responses were received and the results tabulated for outreach to voters. The Alliance provided pre-election information to voters as well as post-election materials to hold the politicians accountable and prepare for a future election. The collection contains membership information about the organization(s) and their activities, minutes and newsletters of the boards, as well as founding documents. Several different laws, such as the Anti-discrimination ordinance of Montgomery County; of Prince George’s County; of Maryland State; and the US were lobbied for change and inclusion of LGBT-related protections. Also a court case in 1984 about discrimination and even unsuccessful lobby attempts. There are also clippings related to the Alliance’s activities as well as copies of important national news articles related to homosexuality from the 1960s and 70s. Newsletters and fliers collected by Coggin as a member of the local community may be found in the collection, including his participation in various Pride festivals and National Marches for LGBT equality. Collection includes personal papers of Coggin including photographs, wedding and funeral announcements, as well as biographical materials and some of his poetry and short stories--including multiple drafts. There are several large scrapbooks including documents, clippings, and photographs related to his advocacy and work for LGBT equality. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1va55SK8CEy8ZEeySh99MFUJj-JqfNpOCi_veXoHklXE/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Robert Mitchell "Judge" Coggin Suburban Maryland Gay Alliance Suburban Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance Maryland Lesbian/Gay Alliance Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are available online. Collection is available for “fair use" to all researchers at <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/">the DC History Center</a> as MS 0764 RHP, Series VIII. Material may be protected by copyright. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data This item is part of the Coggin collection, and is stored at the Historical Society of Washington, MS 0764, Coggin, Box 2, Folder 33. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Paulette Goodman's testimony on behalf of Bill 65-83 Description An account of the resource Goodman's remarks at the public hearing on including LGBT protections in the anti-discrimination laws of Montgomery County, MD. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Paulette+Goodman%0D%0APFLAG+Metropolitan+Washington+Area">Paulette Goodman PFLAG Metropolitan Washington Area</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=28+November+1983">28 November 1983</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant These remarks were prepared by Paulette Goodman and delivered by her on behalf of PFLAG Metropolitan Washington Area, for the public hearing to amend the county codes to include LGBT-protections against discrimination in housing, employment, and public services. 1980s Anti-discrimination laws Legislation Maryland PFLAG https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/1b7d1dad6dc2d8346e2c9417f2c503be.mp3 2ae3fce373e04cc66469431ff02daa8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tim Corbett on the Gay Liberation Front house Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement--United States Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pennington%2C+Bruce+C.%2C+1947-2003">Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Corbett%2C+Tim">Corbett, Tim</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/wav Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/d6775bf743e43af18f4e447bb56c0f8a.mp3 dbd598c796be13258c13e2f4abb7b3ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front meetings Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement--Washington (D.C.)--20th century Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pennington%2C+Bruce+C.%2C+1947-2003">Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Bruce Pennington Friends Radio Gay Liberation Front Television and radio https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/4d396a753ae97114a8ca33b399a48130.mp3 ff9f1a223392fb3f9b022d01ecdf115e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front start Subject The topic of the resource Gay liberation movement--Washington (D.C.)--20th century Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pennington%2C+Bruce+C.%2C+1947-2003">Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1970">1970</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) 1970s Bruce Pennington Friends Radio Gay Liberation Front Television and radio https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/16377e06b9201303af28ca48899b9ab3.mp3 3a634ef1f22c69c161c0e8dc334ea3de Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Troy Perry talking about civil rights Subject The topic of the resource Metropolitan Community Church of Washington, D.C. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Perry%2C+Troy+D.">Perry, Troy D.</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Friends+%28Radio+Program%29">Friends (Radio Program)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1974-11-09">1974-11-09</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) 1970s Civil rights Friends Radio Television and radio Troy Perry https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/f9e4be954ce84c2e5053f9db6f16d1ef.mp3 127994796dbeefe038f13261e981b106 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Troy Perry talking about founding the Metropolitan Community Church Subject The topic of the resource Metropolitan Community Church of Washington, D.C. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Perry%2C+Troy+D.">Perry, Troy D.</a> <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Friends+%28Radio+Program%29">Friends (Radio Program)</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1974-11-09">1974-11-09</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) 1970s Friends Radio Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) Religion Television and radio Troy Perry https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/9b744d09231286818575dca5851cc3d9.mp3 127994796dbeefe038f13261e981b106 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friends Radio Collection, 1973-1982, 3 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Stonewall Nation Media Collective Collection #3 Description An account of the resource The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewall Nation Media Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003 Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Stonewall Nation Media Collective (Organization : Washington, D.C.) Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some clips play online. To listen to other recordings, <a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">access the Internet Archive [external link].</a> Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Troy Perry speaking at National Coming Out Day Subject The topic of the resource Coming out (Sexual orientation) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Perry%2C+Troy+D.">Perry, Troy D.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1979-10-14">1979-10-14</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio/mpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) 1970s Coming out Friends Radio Television and radio Troy Perry https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/60e352d0a6a267011246adcbe5fef1de.png b9ab3735e4ed9771348294106193401f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jack Nichols Photographs and Papers : Digital Collection, 1955-2005 Description An account of the resource The Jack Nichols Digital Collection includes photographs and documents created by, about, or collected by Jack Nichols. The collection includes an unedited draft of his memoirs, which were never completed. Jack Nichols is a native of Chevy Chase, MD. Until he moved to New York City with his partner Lige Clarke in the late 1960s, Nichols was extensively involved in gay activism and gay life in Washington, DC. He was a founding member of the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW), participated in MSW’s picketing at the White House, the Pentagon, Civil Service, and at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Nichols was an active participant in annual meetings of the East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO) and spoke from the podium on several occasions. In New York City, Nichols and Clarke founded, wrote for, and edited the early national newspaper Gay. Today he edits and writes for the online newspaper Gay Today (www.gaytoday.com) which is published by the Badpuppy website. He has generously contributed a wonderful album of photographs of his life in DC and elsewhere from which the following photographs are drawn. The Rainbow History Project (RHP) greatly appreciates Jack Nichols’ generosity in sharing these photographs and more with RHP. The photographs displayed here are the property and copyright of either Jack Nichols or the credited creators of the photos. They may not be used without permission. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Nichols, Jack Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grave of Henry Gerber Description An account of the resource Gravestone of Henry Gerber (1892-1972), founder of the United States' first known homosexual organization, the Society for Human Rights in Chicago. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Philip+Clark">Philip Clark</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2015">2015</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.%0D%0A">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information. </a> https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/2f26b6f70cfd1e9b7c3a4aa901785936.png 89ad61037bb28167015580ec9d1cf24a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Community Pioneers Collections, 30 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. <a href="https://rainbowhistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/pioneers" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Community Pioneers: Creators of DC's LGBTQ Communities</a> [Online Exhibit] Description An account of the resource This collection contains contemporary photographs of community pioneers. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barbara Johnson and Kathleen DeBold Pioneers Portrait Description An account of the resource Portrait of Kathleen DeBold (right), Mautner Project and Lambda Literary Awards administrator and recipient of a 2015 Community Pioneers Award, and her partner Barbara Johnson. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photo+provided+by+Kathleen+DeBold">Photo provided by Kathleen DeBold</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=May+14%2C+2015+%5BCommunity+Pioneers+Event%5D">May 14, 2015 [Community Pioneers Event]</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.%0D%0A">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information. </a> https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/e3b7f9281b65a877773ee9bf7165d36d.png ecd4adad15a6433c83cdc029b40bb4d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Community Pioneers Collections, 30 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. <a href="https://rainbowhistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/pioneers" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Community Pioneers: Creators of DC's LGBTQ Communities</a> [Online Exhibit] Description An account of the resource This collection contains contemporary photographs of community pioneers. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Annie Kaylor Pioneers Portrait Description An account of the resource Portrait of Annie Kaylor of Annie's Paramount Steakhouse, recipient of a 2015 Community Pioneers Award. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photo+provided+by+the+Kaylor+family">Photo provided by the Kaylor family</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=May+14%2C+2015+%5BCommunity+Pioneers+Event%5D">May 14, 2015 [Community Pioneers Event]</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/221a8ee7ad966aa9adde92ff3a978370.jpg b8631c55b334654ed7aa22a8bdcf81b3 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 475 Height 415 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dr. Herman Lynn Womack : photograph Subject The topic of the resource Womack, H. Lynn, 1923-1985 Description An account of the resource Photograph of Dr. Herman Lynn Womack. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photographer%3A++J.+Wayne+Higgs">Photographer: J. Wayne Higgs</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived H. Lynn Womack Papers, 1945-1994, Collection number 7441, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=circa+1970">circa 1970</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Image+used+with+permission+of+Cornell+University%27s+Kroch+Library+and+may+not+be+used+without+permission.">Image used with permission of Cornell University's Kroch Library and may not be used without permission.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource image Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Gay erotica--History https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/b60c190e1ada0bf9240bd9526d5191d5.JPG 16d8db6addad4fb2f31e99b9f7b49802 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front, GLF-DC (Series XVII) Description An account of the resource Collection includes newsletters, flyers, magazines, and fact sheets related to the formation and activities of the DC Gay Liberation Front (DC GLF), including weekly meetings at Grace Episcopal Church; the founding of the Gay Liberation Front house at 1620 S St. NW; proposed protests in DC; a copy of the last issue of Motive (a publication of the Methodist church), which Skyline Faggots members were heavily involved in writing and designing; and Gay Pride 1972, the initial gay pride week celebration in Washington DC. Also included are items related to a DC GLF reunion organized by Bruce Pennington and Theodore Kirkland over the weekend of the April 1993 gay March on Washington. Also includes photographs documenting social and political activities engaged in by DC GLF and its offshoot, the Skyline Faggots Collective, notably marching in Christopher Street Liberation Day celebrations in New York City; participating in Gay Mayday in 1971; and social outings in DC and Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection also has larger several physical objects related to DC GLF, including banners hung at the Skyline Faggots Collective house at 1614 S St. NW; a yellow, hand-knitted beret worn by DC GLF/Skyline Faggots member Michael Ferri at the September 1971 Philadelphia plenary session prior to the Black Panthers’ Revolutionary People’s Constitutional Convention in Washington DC in November 1971; and a graphic poster mounted on foam board advertising activities for Gay Pride Week in Washington DC, May 2-7, 1972, which was organized by DC GLF members Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware. As a whole, these materials help document early post-Stonewall gay liberationist activities through the formation of the first organized gay group in DC after the Mattachine Society of Washington and the Homophile Social League. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vQ5V4e-qyJvsJVj6vzxet5t2uNWALUcNQhbUkPtD-w2qPRu3nVGyHUlUPpw-8wYDpPtzXLclEAa9XCt/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are available online. Collection is available to all people, by appointment, at <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/">the DC History Center</a> as MS 0764 RHP, Series XVII. Materials are available for "fair use" and may be protected by copyright. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The first Gay Liberation Front was founded in New York City shortly after the June 1969 Stonewall riots, as an offshoot of the homophile group the Mattachine Society of New York. The Gay Liberation Front was a revolutionary organization dedicated to overthrowing a sexist, racist, capitalistic society by joining in coalition with other oppressed social groups, such as women, African Americans, the working classes, Chicanos and Latinos, and American Indians. It also asked participants to engage in self-examination, often facilitated in the form of consciousness-raising groups, to rid themselves of their own internalized self-hatred, sexism, racism, and classism. The Washington DC version of the Gay Liberation Front (DC GLF) was founded following a letter to the editor of the underground newspaper The Quicksilver Times. This letter appeared in the June 9th-June 19th, 1970 edition and was written by Michael Yarr, an Air Force veteran and participant in local anti-Vietnam War groups. It protested the paper’s derogatory use of the word “sucks” in a headline and called for the foundation of a DC Gay Liberation Front. David Aiken, a local gay man who would go on to serve as Washington correspondent for The Advocate, work on the local LGBT Friends radio show from 1973-1982, chair the Washington Area Gay Community Council in the mid-1970s, and found the DC chapter of Black and White Men Together (BWMT), followed up with an editorial in the Quicksilver Times of June 23-July 3, 1970 discussing the proposed group. DC GLF’s first meeting was held at Grace Episcopal Church in Georgetown on June 30, 1970. Meetings between March and July 1971 were held at St. James Episcopal Church, after which formal public meetings are no longer held. Meeting activity shifts to the GLF House at 1620 S St. DC GLF participated in a variety of political and social activities in Washington DC before fading after 1972. Political activities included handing out thousands of “Are You a Homosexual?” awareness leaflets to passersby; protesting carding policies at DC gay bars that were biased against African Americans, women, or men in drag; disrupting an anti-gay Catholic psychiatrist’s speech during a conference on religion and the homosexual at Catholic University; protesting against the listing of homosexuality as a mental disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) during the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) annual conference in 1971; participating in the Gay Mayday protests against the Vietnam War as part of the larger Mayday protests in May 1971; participating in both the Philadelphia plenary session (September 1971) and the Black Panthers’ Revolutionary People’s Constitutional Convention in DC (November 1971); protesting the expulsion of GLF members from the Zephyr Cocktail Lounge on the weekend of the RPCC; marching in Christopher Street Liberation Day parades in New York City; protesting police arrests of cruising gay men at Arlington’s Iwo Jima Memorial; and the formation of the first DC Gay Pride Week from May 2-7, 1972, organized by DC GLF members Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware. Socially, many DC GLF activities centered around a house rented by members at 1620 S St. NW beginning in September 1970. This house became the site not only of a GLF commune, but also helped to shelter gay people and activists in town from other cities and gay youth who had either run away or been turned out of their homes. It was the site of the foundation of the Church of the Community of the Love of Christ, an orthodox Catholic congregation, and was eventually formally named the Gay Liberation Services House in April 1972, providing counseling, a referral service, a library, and a speakers bureau. A combination of internal house tensions and the desire of certain members to engage in more explicitly political consciousness raising led to the formation of an offshoot commune, the Skyline Faggots Collective, in July 1971. The Skyline Faggots Collective was first housed down the street at 1614 S St. NW and, from 1974-1976, at 1733 Q St. NW. More public social activities included cosponsoring the first public gay dance in DC, held November 14, 1970 at St. Mark’s Episcopal Church, a boat cruise on the Potomac, and picnics in local parks. Members of the Skyline Faggots also took trips to Shenandoah and Harpers Ferry, WV, the latter of which is documented in photos in the collection taken by Steve Behrens. A DC GLF reunion was held in April 1993 on the same weekend as the gay and lesbian March on Washington. It was organized by Theodore Kirkland, a DC GLF member who would go on to found DC Gay Black Pride, and Bruce Pennington, who helped found the LGBT Friends radio program in 1973, the Gay People’s Alliance at George Washington University, the DC chapter of Black and White Men Together (BWMT), and was one of the first officially-sanctioned gay foster parents in DC. Abstract A summary of the resource. Photographs of DC Gay Liberation Front members at various events in the Washington, DC area and in New York City; facts sheets and newsletters about GLF activities; and materials about an April 1993 GLF reunion. Materials focus on early gay liberation activities in DC from both a social and political perspective. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph, black and white Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource National Gay Task Force event Subject The topic of the resource National Gay Task Force Description An account of the resource Members of the National Gay Task Force gather with politicians at a press conference in the Rayburn House Office Building announcing the introduction of the Civil Rights Amendment of 1975, H.R. 5452. This would have added "affectional or sexual preference" to the list of classes protected by the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Abstract A summary of the resource. At the table, L-R, are Charlotte Bunch, Nathalie Rockhill, Bella Abzug (in hat), Ed Koch, Bruce Voeller, unknown, Cong. Ted Weiss. Seated at back are Barbara Gittings, unknown, Frank Kameny, Cade Ware. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photographer%3A++M.J.+Vilardi">Photographer: M.J. Vilardi</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=March+25%2C+1975">March 25, 1975</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource image National Gay Task Force Photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource David Aiken Papers (Series II) Description An account of the resource The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. The Aiken Articles David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are online. Open to all people, by appointment, at the <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DC History Center.</a> Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. <a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource David Lewis Aiken, 1945-1986 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-1986 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photograph : black and white Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front-DC at the Gay May Day march Subject The topic of the resource Gay Liberation Front (Washington, D.C.) Gay pride parades--Washington (D.C.)--20th century Abstract A summary of the resource. Left: Jose Ramos. Right: Bruce Pennington. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photographer%3A++Steve+Behrens.">Photographer: Steve Behrens.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1971-05-01%2F1971-05-05">1971-05-01/1971-05-05</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Washington (D.C.) Gay Liberation Front Gay Pride https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/65a7eaad9da6b803f828c268b07af328.jpg 33ee5dc37887b37578eafd2a8a678f4c Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 3601 Height 2997 Bit Depth 8 Channels 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource David Aiken Papers (Series II) Description An account of the resource The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. The Aiken Articles David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Aiken, David L. (David Lewis), 1945-1986 Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are online. Open to all people, by appointment, at the <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">DC History Center.</a> Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright. <a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource David Lewis Aiken, 1945-1986 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-1986 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photograph : black and white. RHP Storage. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front-DC members at Harpers Ferry Subject The topic of the resource Gay Liberation Front (Washington, D.C.) Abstract A summary of the resource. Left to right: Theodore Kirkland, Michael Ferri, Steve Lindenbaum, Billy Bradley, Brian Miller. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photographer%3A++Steve+Behrens">Photographer: Steve Behrens</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1971">1971</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Gay Liberation Front https://archives.rainbowhistory.org/files/original/e9a22f6a23f533aea9e7db7e7a310997.JPG d2d037a46aefaeab4da0ceef769cf770 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front, GLF-DC (Series XVII) Description An account of the resource Collection includes newsletters, flyers, magazines, and fact sheets related to the formation and activities of the DC Gay Liberation Front (DC GLF), including weekly meetings at Grace Episcopal Church; the founding of the Gay Liberation Front house at 1620 S St. NW; proposed protests in DC; a copy of the last issue of Motive (a publication of the Methodist church), which Skyline Faggots members were heavily involved in writing and designing; and Gay Pride 1972, the initial gay pride week celebration in Washington DC. Also included are items related to a DC GLF reunion organized by Bruce Pennington and Theodore Kirkland over the weekend of the April 1993 gay March on Washington. Also includes photographs documenting social and political activities engaged in by DC GLF and its offshoot, the Skyline Faggots Collective, notably marching in Christopher Street Liberation Day celebrations in New York City; participating in Gay Mayday in 1971; and social outings in DC and Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The collection also has larger several physical objects related to DC GLF, including banners hung at the Skyline Faggots Collective house at 1614 S St. NW; a yellow, hand-knitted beret worn by DC GLF/Skyline Faggots member Michael Ferri at the September 1971 Philadelphia plenary session prior to the Black Panthers’ Revolutionary People’s Constitutional Convention in Washington DC in November 1971; and a graphic poster mounted on foam board advertising activities for Gay Pride Week in Washington DC, May 2-7, 1972, which was organized by DC GLF members Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware. As a whole, these materials help document early post-Stonewall gay liberationist activities through the formation of the first organized gay group in DC after the Mattachine Society of Washington and the Homophile Social League. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vQ5V4e-qyJvsJVj6vzxet5t2uNWALUcNQhbUkPtD-w2qPRu3nVGyHUlUPpw-8wYDpPtzXLclEAa9XCt/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID</a> Access Rights Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies. Some items are available online. Collection is available to all people, by appointment, at <a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/">the DC History Center</a> as MS 0764 RHP, Series XVII. Materials are available for "fair use" and may be protected by copyright. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The first Gay Liberation Front was founded in New York City shortly after the June 1969 Stonewall riots, as an offshoot of the homophile group the Mattachine Society of New York. The Gay Liberation Front was a revolutionary organization dedicated to overthrowing a sexist, racist, capitalistic society by joining in coalition with other oppressed social groups, such as women, African Americans, the working classes, Chicanos and Latinos, and American Indians. It also asked participants to engage in self-examination, often facilitated in the form of consciousness-raising groups, to rid themselves of their own internalized self-hatred, sexism, racism, and classism. The Washington DC version of the Gay Liberation Front (DC GLF) was founded following a letter to the editor of the underground newspaper The Quicksilver Times. This letter appeared in the June 9th-June 19th, 1970 edition and was written by Michael Yarr, an Air Force veteran and participant in local anti-Vietnam War groups. It protested the paper’s derogatory use of the word “sucks” in a headline and called for the foundation of a DC Gay Liberation Front. David Aiken, a local gay man who would go on to serve as Washington correspondent for The Advocate, work on the local LGBT Friends radio show from 1973-1982, chair the Washington Area Gay Community Council in the mid-1970s, and found the DC chapter of Black and White Men Together (BWMT), followed up with an editorial in the Quicksilver Times of June 23-July 3, 1970 discussing the proposed group. DC GLF’s first meeting was held at Grace Episcopal Church in Georgetown on June 30, 1970. Meetings between March and July 1971 were held at St. James Episcopal Church, after which formal public meetings are no longer held. Meeting activity shifts to the GLF House at 1620 S St. DC GLF participated in a variety of political and social activities in Washington DC before fading after 1972. Political activities included handing out thousands of “Are You a Homosexual?” awareness leaflets to passersby; protesting carding policies at DC gay bars that were biased against African Americans, women, or men in drag; disrupting an anti-gay Catholic psychiatrist’s speech during a conference on religion and the homosexual at Catholic University; protesting against the listing of homosexuality as a mental disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) during the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) annual conference in 1971; participating in the Gay Mayday protests against the Vietnam War as part of the larger Mayday protests in May 1971; participating in both the Philadelphia plenary session (September 1971) and the Black Panthers’ Revolutionary People’s Constitutional Convention in DC (November 1971); protesting the expulsion of GLF members from the Zephyr Cocktail Lounge on the weekend of the RPCC; marching in Christopher Street Liberation Day parades in New York City; protesting police arrests of cruising gay men at Arlington’s Iwo Jima Memorial; and the formation of the first DC Gay Pride Week from May 2-7, 1972, organized by DC GLF members Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware. Socially, many DC GLF activities centered around a house rented by members at 1620 S St. NW beginning in September 1970. This house became the site not only of a GLF commune, but also helped to shelter gay people and activists in town from other cities and gay youth who had either run away or been turned out of their homes. It was the site of the foundation of the Church of the Community of the Love of Christ, an orthodox Catholic congregation, and was eventually formally named the Gay Liberation Services House in April 1972, providing counseling, a referral service, a library, and a speakers bureau. A combination of internal house tensions and the desire of certain members to engage in more explicitly political consciousness raising led to the formation of an offshoot commune, the Skyline Faggots Collective, in July 1971. The Skyline Faggots Collective was first housed down the street at 1614 S St. NW and, from 1974-1976, at 1733 Q St. NW. More public social activities included cosponsoring the first public gay dance in DC, held November 14, 1970 at St. Mark’s Episcopal Church, a boat cruise on the Potomac, and picnics in local parks. Members of the Skyline Faggots also took trips to Shenandoah and Harpers Ferry, WV, the latter of which is documented in photos in the collection taken by Steve Behrens. A DC GLF reunion was held in April 1993 on the same weekend as the gay and lesbian March on Washington. It was organized by Theodore Kirkland, a DC GLF member who would go on to found DC Gay Black Pride, and Bruce Pennington, who helped found the LGBT Friends radio program in 1973, the Gay People’s Alliance at George Washington University, the DC chapter of Black and White Men Together (BWMT), and was one of the first officially-sanctioned gay foster parents in DC. Abstract A summary of the resource. Photographs of DC Gay Liberation Front members at various events in the Washington, DC area and in New York City; facts sheets and newsletters about GLF activities; and materials about an April 1993 GLF reunion. Materials focus on early gay liberation activities in DC from both a social and political perspective. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photograph: black & white Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gay Liberation Front-DC members on a trip to Harper's Ferry, WV Subject The topic of the resource Gay Liberation Front (Washington, D.C.) Abstract A summary of the resource. L-R: Billy Bradley, Steve Lindenbaum, Michael Ferri, Theodore Kirkland, Brian Miller Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Photographer%3A++Steve+Behrens">Photographer: Steve Behrens</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1971">1971</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=47&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reproduction+and+use+of+this+material+requires+permission+from+the+copyright+holder.+Please+contact+the+Rainbow+History+Project+for+more+information.">Reproduction and use of this material requires permission from the copyright holder. Please contact the Rainbow History Project for more information.</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Harper's Ferry, WV Gay Liberation Front Photographs