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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://rainbowhistory.omeka.net/exhibits/show/pioneers" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Community Pioneers: Creators of DC's LGBTQ Communities&lt;/a&gt; [Online Exhibit]</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains contemporary photographs of community pioneers.</text>
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                  <text>The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Aiken Articles &lt;br /&gt;David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Some items are online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Open to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Ourstory: Pride in the DMV Collection, 26</text>
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                  <text>In May 1972, Washington, DC's GLBT community celebrated its first Pride.  The previous two years, gays and lesbians had gone to New York City to celebrate the Stonewall anniversary.  In the winter of 1972, the Gay Liberation Front-DC proposed a local celebration, though they scheduled it a month and half before New York's  celebration so that people would not have to choose between the events.  DC's initial Pride celebration was as much a protest as a celebration, following almost exactly one year after Gay Mayday and the anti-war Mayday demonstrations had closed the streets of the city.&#13;
&#13;
This marked the first public celebration of gay and lesbian pride in Washington DC.  Organized by the Gay Liberation Front, the festival drew support from All Souls Church, the Community Bookshop, the Gay Activists Alliance, the Gay People's Alliance of George Washington University, Henry Street (one of the houses of the Awards Club, a local drag organization) and the Metropole Cinema.  The principal organizers were Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware.&#13;
&#13;
This collection includes materials from Gay Pride, Capital Pride, DC Black Pride, and other Pride-related festivals and events.</text>
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                  <text>Dardano, Robert. Photographer</text>
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                <text>Washingtonians participated in New York’s Pride celebrations. In 1971, the Community Church (later Metropolitan Community Church), the Gay Activists Alliance and the Mattachine Society, an early activist organization, sponsored the first bus trips to New York. &#13;
&#13;
The first Pride event in Washington, “Gay and Proud,” took place in May 1972. Three years later, a group led by Deacon Maccubbin, co-owner of DC’s Gay book store, Lambda Rising, established DC’s first annual Pride. On June 22, 1975, Gay Pride, sponsored by Lambda Rising and the Community Building Association (home to the Gay Switchboard, Gay Youth, Off Our Backs, The Gay Blade, Lambda Rising and the Bread &amp; Roses Music Coop) took place on 1700 block of 20th Street NW, the city’s first officially recognized annual Pride festival. Gays and Lesbians packed the block lined with booths representing community groups and celebrated with food, drinks, and music.&#13;
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                  <text>An artificial collection of advertisements, photographs, business cards, matchbooks, and flyers from gay businesses, religious organizations, and other spaces that created a safe haven for gay men, Lesbians, transgender people, and the drag community in Washington, D.C. from the 1950's to the 1980's.</text>
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                  <text>An artificial collection of advertisements, photographs, business cards, matchbooks, and flyers from gay businesses, religious organizations, and other spaces that created a safe haven for gay men, Lesbians, transgender people, and the drag community in Washington, D.C. from the 1950's to the 1980's.</text>
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                  <text>The Historic Publications Collection combines newsletters, periodicals, newspapers, books, and other publications by, for and about the LGBTQ communities.  This collection includes both:  1) single issues of various titles that are digitized and online; and, 2) runs of publications that are available in paper form at the DC History Center--some of these may have a digitized issue or two in this online collection. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Titles digitized online include:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"The Baltimore Gayzette" (Produced by the Baltimore Gay Alliance) &lt;br /&gt;"Capitol Hill" (Published by the Gay Rights National Lobby)&lt;br /&gt;"Come Out Fighting: A Newsletter" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) &lt;br /&gt;"Cruise: Weekly Arts and Entertainment Magazine" &lt;br /&gt;"The Furies, Goddesses of Vengeance: A New Lesbian/Feminist Monthly Magazine" &lt;br /&gt;"The Lavender and Red Book: A Gay Liberation/Socialist Anthology" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) &lt;br /&gt;"The Homosexual Citizen" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) &lt;br /&gt;"The Insider" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) &lt;br /&gt;"The Gay Blade" &lt;br /&gt;"Gay Left" &lt;br /&gt;"Gays on the Hill" (Published by Metropolitan Community Church) &lt;br /&gt;"Just Us: A Directory of the Washington Gay Community" &lt;br /&gt;"Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry" &lt;br /&gt;"Motive: Methodist Student Movement" &lt;br /&gt;"Musica: Newsletter of Women's Music" (Published by Indra "Indy" Allen) &lt;br /&gt;"Off Our Backs: A Women's Liberation Biweekly" &lt;br /&gt;"Red Flag Union" (Published by the Red Flag Union in Hollywood, California)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titles available in paper format include:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/EF152787-E753-4A81-98BC-352621010550" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Advocate (P 4428)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/17F0A247-1F5A-423A-9DD8-194035327180" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;BGM: Black Gay Male (P 3798)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT-URvXiipp_9oLpk85ukIQRAZ-KE8NbLrQ3Vqas1yuvK_LwFQVCc3d2mpXuGoVualBAEjqS88lb0fo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Black/Out: The Magazine of the National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays (P 3746)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/072ADDF8-6EB1-42C9-BC9B-334645015229" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Blacklight: BL (P 3797)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRMNot_aI8wzgNyPolSOIcXqELc4iOEZ344oIbfUsq38F_qm_zP03se5ERhI9JlGzP8MTtlDEDQvsyM/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Blade, aka The Washington Blade (P 4092)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSk1nluUXzM5WHheLZ3KH0FxIEBgSVIbwlA9n9Q8ITzez773juJVXcWMAa8XWQdqaMl88J9Pd8z90kb/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;ButiVoxx: Hangin' at the Beach (P 7484)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=D6FA5FA7-5F1E-470F-BFDD-704764414254;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Come Out Fighting: The Newspaper of the Lavender and Red Union (P 4429)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT0ygSuwwM7osEAUq19DZRDB79SG0nQSM0eivbgp9yfT1ai9VZoS5m5S5vCLCLtE3QbFH3vmJZ3VIGo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Cruise (P 5265)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/85FD7D8E-90AC-4BAF-B9BA-236360613300" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Dorian Book Quarterly (P 3762)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/B4FE447D-1393-4CEC-95A7-315932234514" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;From the Center: A Publication of the Gay and Lesbian Community Center (P 5153)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=95A93E3E-695D-4FEA-8BED-470192896500;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Furies (P 3796)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=950F02A5-B2AF-4E12-B806-820764303510;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Gay Alternative (P 3764)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=C5041E4B-685F-44AD-AC98-544829469789;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Habari-Daftari: The Newsmagazine of the National Coalition of Black Gays (P 4438)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR0mvUz-4DgFrAne7Lq36XRwN-PgNEbJ_xFk4yOCetJGkzwOnLl7GzB6SypH4lwBfgFBQiC2J2f3C3O/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;In the Family: A Magazine for Gays, Bisexuals, and their Relations (P 7483)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRT5dzowAYoJBFQMdaEWSyE2W4FgdhVCkobDDjpHo8gxQgtDMF0DLgHQLCVThX-5Toe8xCztyz90epj/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;James White Review (P 5508)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR7sT8oSPmwYrUo6fP9iVuyOAI5DHoOivptt7t4f10HYxPzGsm-hoiCR_1-VgZA9isKuk5wh5WoRtGG/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Ladder (P 3763)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSc4izycDdUx2cUXNcTJmZfNnXVG-pGAB9Y88hh9FFBxmDaMAOolG9meN2g0zE6urdjgqapZjndJMlJ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Lambda Rising Book Report (P 5264)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=2C29FA49-5477-4C6A-8AFD-114668235015;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry (P 4437)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br 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                  <text>The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Aiken Articles &lt;br /&gt;David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Some items are online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Open to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aiken detailed the implementation of a new DC law stating that sexual orientation could not be a conclusive consideration for deciding child custody issues.</text>
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                  <text>In May 1972, Washington, DC's GLBT community celebrated its first Pride.  The previous two years, gays and lesbians had gone to New York City to celebrate the Stonewall anniversary.  In the winter of 1972, the Gay Liberation Front-DC proposed a local celebration, though they scheduled it a month and half before New York's  celebration so that people would not have to choose between the events.  DC's initial Pride celebration was as much a protest as a celebration, following almost exactly one year after Gay Mayday and the anti-war Mayday demonstrations had closed the streets of the city.&#13;
&#13;
This marked the first public celebration of gay and lesbian pride in Washington DC.  Organized by the Gay Liberation Front, the festival drew support from All Souls Church, the Community Bookshop, the Gay Activists Alliance, the Gay People's Alliance of George Washington University, Henry Street (one of the houses of the Awards Club, a local drag organization) and the Metropole Cinema.  The principal organizers were Chuck Hall, Bruce Pennington, and Cade Ware.&#13;
&#13;
This collection includes materials from Gay Pride, Capital Pride, DC Black Pride, and other Pride-related festivals and events.</text>
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              <text>D.C. Holds First Ever Black Lesbian, Gay Pride Day&#13;
By Mark Hails&#13;
WASHINGTON—The weather came shining through and&#13;
the throngs came out for the first Black Lesbian and Gay&#13;
Pride Festival held May 25 in Washington. "Let Us All Be&#13;
Together" was the theme for the event, which organizers said&#13;
attracted hundreds of men and women.&#13;
&#13;
Welmore Cook, event coordinator, said proceeds from the&#13;
festival will be directed toward agencies providing HTV-related services to the black lesbian and gay community, ideally those that receive little or no government assistance.&#13;
About $3,000 net profit will be distributed.&#13;
&#13;
Although the focus was on raising money to support services&#13;
for people with AIDS, organizers said they hope a&#13;
byproduct was to encourage black gay people throughout the&#13;
area to "come out of the closet." "Two and three years ago, we were still denying we existed, or that AIDS was a problem in this community,'' Theodore Kirkland, one of the festival's organizers, told the Washington Post. "Any grassroots project&#13;
has to turn itself around. I think the time is right now."&#13;
&#13;
Organizers chose Banneker Field near Howard University&#13;
in order to be as close as possible to the black community.&#13;
The festival came about because Cook, Ernest Hopkins&#13;
and Theodore Kirkland talked among themselves about raising money for AIDS service organizations," said Carlene&#13;
Cheatam, a member of the organizing committee who directed the lesbian outreach for the festival. "The need is&#13;
great, so they saw this as one way to make money. They took&#13;
that action with that belief."&#13;
&#13;
"They went around and laid the groundwork, as far as&#13;
getting the permits, identifying the space, getting the petitions signed by the people in the neighborhood and following up on all the other requirements of putting on something like this. Then once the foundation was laid, they then extended an invitation to the community to help make it happen," she told BLK.&#13;
&#13;
They incorporated Black Lesbian and Gay Pride, Inc. This is just a small corporation of people who said, 'let's do&#13;
this'," she added.&#13;
&#13;
Cheatam was quick to say that the festival was not organized&#13;
as any kind of reaction to the annual Lesbian and&#13;
Gay Pride Day festival, held in Dupont Circle. She stressed&#13;
that while some black heterosexuals were expected to come&#13;
to support the Black Lesbian and Gay Pride Day, most folks&#13;
would probably opt to go to both, including the organizers of&#13;
the Black Lesbian and Gay Pride event. Admission to the festival was only $2.00. The reality is that there is no other entity in our community raising money for us for that need,"&#13;
she said.&#13;
&#13;
Among the most visible organizations taking part in the&#13;
first ever event were the D.C. Coalition of Black Lesbians&#13;
and Gay Men, the Inner City AIDS Network, IMPACT-DC,&#13;
Best Friends of D.C, Black Women Together, the Black&#13;
Women's Support Group and the Nob Hill Bar.&#13;
The day long festival featured women's and men's sporting&#13;
events and booths from community organizations. Entertainment was provided by a number of groups, including the Paper Dolls. Cheatam didn't see the festival knocking down the walls of denial among the heterosexuals in the black community overnight, but remained optimistic.&#13;
&#13;
"It's just one of the many steps that are necessary," she&#13;
told BLK. "I don't believe that as a community we've been&#13;
comfortable enough to dialogue with the straight black community, and we know they are not comfortable dialoguing with us...I wish that we were confident enough to organize ourselves to do that education. We're the only ones who can do that. But I don't believe that we are comfortable or organized or whatever to do that effectively. I hope that dialogue starts again and that some people would be willing to connect to make it happen." A number of local politicians made appearances, such as councilmembers Frank Smith and John Ray, and D.C. Delegate Eleanor Holmes Norton.&#13;
&#13;
Organizers also took time out to honor artist Adrienne&#13;
Blackwell with a community service award for the female illusionist's efforts at raising money for AIDS organizations.&#13;
Also honored as "Man of the Year" was Phil Pannell and&#13;
"Woman of the Year* Charlene Cheatam. Best male entertainer was Melvin Parks, best female entertainer, Halima&#13;
Williams, and Sparkle McHarris as best drag performer.&#13;
The turnout was far greater than he expected, Kirkland&#13;
said. What members have to do now, he said, is ask themselves one question: "Are we fully at that crossroads, where we go from being underground and grassroots to being recognized?"</text>
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                  <text>The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Aiken Articles &lt;br /&gt;David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Some items are online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Open to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aiken reported the initial success of the Gay Activists Alliance in removing funding for the Metropolitan Police Department's Prostitution, Perversion and Obscenity squad which had entrapped many homosexuals.  The article demonstrates the use of the budget process for securing LGBT civil rights/social goals.</text>
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                  <text>ENLACE Collection&#13;
Enlace&#13;
ENLACE : Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area Latino Lesbian and Gay Coalition Records : Digital Collection, 1991-1993&#13;
Collection #14&#13;
&#13;
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                  <text>The 1987 March on Washington brought Latino lesbians and gays together from around the country and inspired new local, regional, and national organizations.   ENLACE: Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Latino Gay &amp;amp; Lesbian Coalition, DC's first political support organization for Latino gay men and Latina lesbians, had just been formed and the March gave it the impetus to grow as a force in the local community.  Some of those who had come to Washington for the March stayed on in the city and helped organize ENLACE: Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area Latino Gay &amp;amp; Lesbian Coalition.&#13;
&#13;
Until 1987, Latinos had no special voice to speak for them as Latinos in the LGBT community and as gays and lesbians in the Latino community.  Over the next eight years ENLACE spoke, acted, and created new standards in political and social representation of its members and in educating its community about HIV/AIDS.  ENLACE members were the first gay men and lesbians to march in the city's annual Hispanic parade.  They created HOLA GAY, the first Spanish language hotline.&#13;
&#13;
"Un grupo de apoyo para latinos gay ofrece la oportunidad para los que buscan discutir las preocupaciones que tenemos en comun incluyendo el SIDA, la familia, el auto-estima, las relaciones personales y la identidad gay.  Juntos podemos trabajar para encontar soluciones saludables con la asistencia de un moderador entrenado."&#13;
&#13;
A peer support group allows gay Latinos to come together to discuss common issues of AIDS/HIV, family relationships, identity and self-esteem.  Together, with the help of trained facilitators, we can find healthy solutions. &#13;
 &#13;
ENLACE defined itself as a political organization but it used social events to identify Latino gays and lesbians and to deliver its message of support.&#13;
&#13;
In April 1988, ENLACE introduced itself to the community with a reception at the Office of Latino Affairs.  From the outset, ENLACE (the word means "link") built coalitions and links to other organizations in both the gay and lesbian community and the Latino community.  In the wake of disturbances in the Mount Pleasant area, ENLACE presented its own analysis and recommendations to the commission investigating the events.  One of ENLACE's major contributions, of course, was its ground-breaking work in AIDS awareness and HIV education.&#13;
&#13;
With the DC Coalition of Black Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals, ENLACE sponsored social events.  It worked with the Latin American Task Force, the Whitman-Walker Clinic, and other social, political, and health organizations to ensure recognition and satisfaction of Latino gays and lesbians' needs.&#13;
&#13;
ENLACE held its first social event, La Fiesta Tropical, at the popular straight disco Cities.  Despite a slow start, the evening ended with a room packed with Latino men and women who learned for the first time of ENLACE's work.  La Fiesta Tropical became an annual event.  The group sponsored dances at Hill Haven, a lesbian club on Capitol Hill, at hotels in the Dupont area, and supported early Latino clubs such as El Faro.&#13;
&#13;
Noticias de Enlace, a monthly newsletter, chronicled much of ENLACE's organizational, political, and social development and is a primary source for ENLACE's activities and for insights into the concerns of Washington, D.C.'s Latino gay and lesbian population.&#13;
&#13;
The Rainbow History Project, through the kindness of former members of ENLACE presents many issues of the Noticias and event flyers (in .pdf format).  Unfortunately, the file size of Noticias issues has meant that we have had to offer some of them page by page, rather than in their entirety.  Also below are event flyers for ENLACE's social activities, as well as the group's report on the Mount Pleasant incidents.&#13;
&#13;
We are grateful to Ms. Letitia Gomez for the loan of Enlace documents and for permission to post them on the Rainbow History Project's website.</text>
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                  <text>Gomez, Letitia. Owner</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://auislandora.wrlc.org/islandora/object/auislandora:98026" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW THE ENTIRE COLLECTION ONLINE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2021, Leti Gomez donated the entire collection of documents as a partnership with RHP and American University. RHP will preserve the paper documents (at the DC History Center as MS 0764 Series XXXIII); American University will digitize the entire collection and make it available through their website. </text>
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                  <text>An artificial collection of advertisements, photographs, business cards, matchbooks, and flyers from gay businesses, religious organizations, and other spaces that created a safe haven for gay men, Lesbians, transgender people, and the drag community in Washington, D.C. from the 1950's to the 1980's.</text>
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          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings Papers on the Mattachine Society and Other Homophile Organizations, 1962-2001 (Series VI)</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Papers: Digital Collection, 1962-1972</text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007</text>
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                  <text>Tobin Lahusen, Katherine "Kay," 1930-2021</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items available online. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;All other items open &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to all &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;people at the DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;, MS 0764, Series VI.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                  <text>The collection includes many drafts of articles he had written on the issues confronting the LGBT community of the time. They are rough drafts, with typographical errors, handwritten notes and corrections, and numerous rewrites. They are also an important source for the events and issues of the period. His files also contain primary documents, leaflets, and notes of interviews connected with the articles he wrote. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aiken, a local gay activist, member at one time of the Gay Liberation Front and a resident of GLF House (1620 St St. NW), Washington correspondent for The Advocate, was also a member of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective which broadcast the Friends radio show on WGBT and WPFW radio for nine years. His broadcasts on Friends seem to have complemented many of the stories on which he worked. In the mid-Seventies, he chaired the Washington Area Gay Community Council. He also served as a founder of Black and White Men Together's DC chapter and edited its newsletter. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Aiken Articles &lt;br /&gt;David Aiken's drafts of articles he submitted to the Advocate and other publications in the 1970s document many of the local and national issues confronting the LGBTQ community of the period. As such, they are an important resource of people, events, and issues for students and researchers. The collection contains Aiken's handwritten interview notes as well. The draft articles are listed below by topic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR7ZGpQXij9EKhAxYVXnkL-5pIo-T66TtXIxK1Zm_fNsBg4nhoimqkQupb3X0CFM1-Frn-mwtBLMuO4/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Some items are online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Open to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center.&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/uploads/fa/ms0764.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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