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                  <text>Wayson Jones Collections, 1990-1994, 28</text>
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                  <text>Articles from BLK magazine relating to the African American gay experience in Washington, D.C. and flyers and a postcard advertising performances by Wayson Jones and his partner Essex Hemphill.</text>
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                <text>Includes article entitled: Hemphill Appears in LA.; Writing Events Slated</text>
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                  <text>Gay Women's Alternative, GWA-DC (Series III)</text>
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                  <text>Documents relating to the Gay Women's Alternative of DC from 1980 to 1993. includes committee reports, ephemera, newspaper clippings and program announcements. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From 1981 to 1993, the Gay Women's Alternative of D.C. served as an essential educational and social focus for the metropolitan area's lesbian community. The organization dedicated itself to presenting an alternative to the closet and to the bars for the area's women, by providing lectures, social events, and discussions, often at the Washington Ethical Society. GWCDC became known for its dances for women, particularly its signature Spring Cotillion, and for its involvement with other women's events in the area including the summer Sisterfire musical extravaganzas and the Passages conferences. In 1985, GWA-DC presented its first conference. The initial organizers included Ina Alterman, Trish Bangert, Bonnie Becker, Susan Geiger, Maryl Kerley, Ann Meltzer, Lil Russo, and Joyce Sideman. By 1993, facing competition from a growing array of competing lesbian organizations, the demands of running a major social organization, and the group's inability to meet speakers' and performers' growing requests for payment (GWA had from the outset determined not to pay such fees), the board of Gay Women's Alternative decided to close down the organization following its final Spring Cotillion in May 1993.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRrHRW9S4p4M2LbE8Ot_uy0s29zU0-WxmmuAc1mdFyw-B29zuwkrTGp2ajcMR5VfDL8j97idIwbmXZ_/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Available to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/library/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRrHRW9S4p4M2LbE8Ot_uy0s29zU0-WxmmuAc1mdFyw-B29zuwkrTGp2ajcMR5VfDL8j97idIwbmXZ_/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>What Happened to DC’s Lesbian Spaces?&#13;
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                <text>Bonnie Morris&#13;
lost lesbian spaces</text>
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                <text>In this interview-style article, Rainbow History board member Dr. Bonnie Morris discusses the disappearance of lesbian spaces such as bars and bookstores in the DC area.</text>
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                <text>http://www.washingtonian.com/blogs/capitalcomment/nightlife/bonnie-morris-dc-lesbian-spaces-omega.php</text>
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                <text>The Washingtonian</text>
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                <text>June 26, 2015</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings Papers on the Mattachine Society and Other Homophile Organizations, 1962-2001 (Series VI)</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Papers: Digital Collection, 1962-1972</text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007</text>
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                  <text>Tobin Lahusen, Katherine "Kay," 1930-2021</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items available online. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;All other items open &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to all &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;people at the DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;, MS 0764, Series VI.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                  <text>The Historic Publications Collection combines newsletters, periodicals, newspapers, books, and other publications by, for and about the LGBTQ communities.  This collection includes both:  1) single issues of various titles that are digitized and online; and, 2) runs of publications that are available in paper form at the DC History Center--some of these may have a digitized issue or two in this online collection. </text>
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              <name>Table Of Contents</name>
              <description>A list of subunits of the resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="42">
                  <text>&lt;strong&gt;Titles digitized online include:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"The Baltimore Gayzette" (Produced by the Baltimore Gay Alliance) &lt;br /&gt;"Capitol Hill" (Published by the Gay Rights National Lobby)&lt;br /&gt;"Come Out Fighting: A Newsletter" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) &lt;br /&gt;"Cruise: Weekly Arts and Entertainment Magazine" &lt;br /&gt;"The Furies, Goddesses of Vengeance: A New Lesbian/Feminist Monthly Magazine" &lt;br /&gt;"The Lavender and Red Book: A Gay Liberation/Socialist Anthology" (Produced by The Lavender and Red Union) &lt;br /&gt;"The Homosexual Citizen" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) &lt;br /&gt;"The Insider" (Published by the Mattachine Society of Washington) &lt;br /&gt;"The Gay Blade" &lt;br /&gt;"Gay Left" &lt;br /&gt;"Gays on the Hill" (Published by Metropolitan Community Church) &lt;br /&gt;"Just Us: A Directory of the Washington Gay Community" &lt;br /&gt;"Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry" &lt;br /&gt;"Motive: Methodist Student Movement" &lt;br /&gt;"Musica: Newsletter of Women's Music" (Published by Indra "Indy" Allen) &lt;br /&gt;"Off Our Backs: A Women's Liberation Biweekly" &lt;br /&gt;"Red Flag Union" (Published by the Red Flag Union in Hollywood, California)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titles available in paper format include:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/EF152787-E753-4A81-98BC-352621010550" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Advocate (P 4428)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/17F0A247-1F5A-423A-9DD8-194035327180" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;BGM: Black Gay Male (P 3798)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT-URvXiipp_9oLpk85ukIQRAZ-KE8NbLrQ3Vqas1yuvK_LwFQVCc3d2mpXuGoVualBAEjqS88lb0fo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Black/Out: The Magazine of the National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays (P 3746)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/072ADDF8-6EB1-42C9-BC9B-334645015229" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Blacklight: BL (P 3797)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRMNot_aI8wzgNyPolSOIcXqELc4iOEZ344oIbfUsq38F_qm_zP03se5ERhI9JlGzP8MTtlDEDQvsyM/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Blade, aka The Washington Blade (P 4092)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSk1nluUXzM5WHheLZ3KH0FxIEBgSVIbwlA9n9Q8ITzez773juJVXcWMAa8XWQdqaMl88J9Pd8z90kb/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;ButiVoxx: Hangin' at the Beach (P 7484)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=D6FA5FA7-5F1E-470F-BFDD-704764414254;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Come Out Fighting: The Newspaper of the Lavender and Red Union (P 4429)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vT0ygSuwwM7osEAUq19DZRDB79SG0nQSM0eivbgp9yfT1ai9VZoS5m5S5vCLCLtE3QbFH3vmJZ3VIGo/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Cruise (P 5265)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/85FD7D8E-90AC-4BAF-B9BA-236360613300" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Dorian Book Quarterly (P 3762)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/B4FE447D-1393-4CEC-95A7-315932234514" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;From the Center: A Publication of the Gay and Lesbian Community Center (P 5153)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=95A93E3E-695D-4FEA-8BED-470192896500;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Furies (P 3796)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=950F02A5-B2AF-4E12-B806-820764303510;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Gay Alternative (P 3764)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=C5041E4B-685F-44AD-AC98-544829469789;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Habari-Daftari: The Newsmagazine of the National Coalition of Black Gays (P 4438)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR0mvUz-4DgFrAne7Lq36XRwN-PgNEbJ_xFk4yOCetJGkzwOnLl7GzB6SypH4lwBfgFBQiC2J2f3C3O/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;In the Family: A Magazine for Gays, Bisexuals, and their Relations (P 7483)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRT5dzowAYoJBFQMdaEWSyE2W4FgdhVCkobDDjpHo8gxQgtDMF0DLgHQLCVThX-5Toe8xCztyz90epj/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;James White Review (P 5508)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR7sT8oSPmwYrUo6fP9iVuyOAI5DHoOivptt7t4f10HYxPzGsm-hoiCR_1-VgZA9isKuk5wh5WoRtGG/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Ladder (P 3763)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSc4izycDdUx2cUXNcTJmZfNnXVG-pGAB9Y88hh9FFBxmDaMAOolG9meN2g0zE6urdjgqapZjndJMlJ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Lambda Rising Book Report (P 5264)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=2C29FA49-5477-4C6A-8AFD-114668235015;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Magnus: A Journal of Collective Faggotry (P 4437)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTSSyZKInuvSM7F0flVdDW6T1J2p3D0pF83HhSscUODFK25iGbULV_zA7JoxjatI06JBnQRL94zrvlt/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Malebox!: DC’s Largest Publication for Black Gay Men (P 7485)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSszwzqFsoPGjXrDgQYwkBahcYMYloruOr3TUfqfXz9LoPBxuxt7iw6RgeIG1eISxWjhfxgc-EQ6kFv/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Mattachine Review (P 3761)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTSLESWmUSz9Tc8fBYIAPI0flUdwhE6oE5Sp_8p4jBhnwx6v9qKRJOaa8gCsF8VXT7nQfp33qWjy_zX/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Metro Weekly (P 4573)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRpGOfepm-fAKQxtKzD9OSDSoacs73zE99qL87vPNPgDIQOV4J1Z_YdSdjW_mgBbCPGLmdsyx4JGuT5/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Michael’s Entertainment Weekly (P 5150)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://historydc.pastperfect-online.com/32595cgi/mweb.exe?request=record;id=6ACA8DC9-3D4B-4B18-AAFB-591753602431;type=201" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Motive (P 4439)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTzeS-BNP2NFpAFRaSC4Gr9JcacUt-zqee75IYcSSjsFdQp6ppJD-XqA3WllYzBdK-YHOSMg6hzRGsM/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;One Magazine: The Homosexual Viewpoint (P 3760)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Other Pages &lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/193BA1F9-468B-4415-98C4-212254951886" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;(P 4412)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://dchistory.pastperfectonline.com/library/C51A4A45-AE1A-486F-991D-065636732245" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;(P 5259)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSB-zsqyYJsqTYPf_WyEjAudp2l7AdJYtA0NtslJ1pHT163NBwBGrE0egEUrSkUF-3jP-IcsQ2GgnCT/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Out Magazine (P 5258)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQurI_ESpP2burYNzy7qg0K6NIOuMOyu-sRMBGLmfHhRcnTjB5DF50DRO_-mDeWeKnIu5ipPCU9zUPF/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Port of Harlem: A Magazine about Blacks at Home and Abroad (P 7486)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQC8KbQ9ln_ypf6n6s5VEHjvKZ6XQysBxgBBySvh8gl7FSR_cTBVD1NBEkKcAvQ9N0FTYS6Rz_yVATg/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Real: The Magazine for Black Gay &amp;amp; Lesbian Brothers &amp;amp; Sisters (P 7487)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQUHIMRHkm5ekmLco5xPaRr55pwH7JSUxaLKrwNsKmilSYEN7Qkd2d1s3dHOZ4qS03NjgY5dF4ReJ4H/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Reel Affirmations (P 5268)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRNePSxazwevOE1YigR9BhbLuorKdUgR74-_VIYhtD4FnoZffQrWbCcwFfJsEI2xS7DO4IXUSxHZhEx/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;SBC: A Monthly for the Afrocentric Homosexual Man (P 7489 to DCHC)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSq9SCLixTQrEMsmcHDarkNINyHeEl7Sg_7c6JKuQlYMnPtn1YrivGvvd1U9EpeWzSxBSO9OtXzxFS8/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Silk Road: Asians and Friends of Washington, DC (P 5507)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQUe90hYJEn2ZrZ8cT8BxZlIc_PasiTKlyriYxCcS2PAvywoKBgAtExb4Nq0i24fQSo87KCVLscEbpC/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;TAGG Magazine (P 5277)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRLwyOC_AZ5-7OQ-TlgsMdTn8OfSZrcS6MJkbk_uDUJ7Jx5u5eclvF35k5FOwgPerUNQxvXZVg_jobr/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Vector: A Voice for the Homophile Community (P 3765)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQhGhhiQPRJ9KdeAUkSVNM__R3yPjibb96YEAnUXx6g8mZs5M8-bLhlYBak9M95LZh5ZtcLzeFyLzoD/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Whazzup! Magazine (P 7488)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQgnzcNqUVJ6f5-OatDfpy4eSbqxM4g7tOfCAk86-yEfqztsjZCpfSl73izCGHXfyvi735fNLZwixBj/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Whole Gay Catalog: Books for Gay Men &amp;amp; Lesbians, Their Families &amp;amp; Friends (P 5267)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTnXCv18YlSuc4o3hmaoNMUzA_t10dpeBr-nFcV0KYuxmA2K5UHl4DgBTNsB3PI0sAvPb9AoWtz71Gh/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Women in the Life: The Premiere Women’s Monthly (P 5266)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vQ1D-Lh7QMNH2EXhATSNZz9bAV_0XA9FpA4yAZK5LmGgZzcF7Y5CRfJhlGQKG7_8U-tuhMWq_d3VavZ/pubhtml" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;WOMO: Woman’s Monthly: A Periodical Calendar for the Women’s Community (P 3759)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items/issues may be available online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All publications with a "P" number are available to all people, by appointment, at the &lt;a href="https://dchistory.libguides.com/kiplinger-research-library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Rainbow History Project respects the copyright and intellectual property rights associated with the materials in its collection. To the best of its knowledge, these items are either in the public domain; are orphaned works; and/or had their rights for public display transferred to RHP. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Cutting Edge: A History of the Washington Blade, Metropolitan DC's GLBT Newspaper of Record</text>
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                <text>Presented at the D.C. Historical Studies Conference, 27 Oct 2006.</text>
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                <text>"Finding Its Voice: Washington, DC’s GLBTQ Community Creates Its own Media"&#13;
As it emerged, Washington’s gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered, and queer community lacked media for reaching out to community members and for chronicling the community’s development. Jennifer King discusses the history of The Washington Blade, begun in October 1969 as The Gay Blade. Mark Meinke covers the nine-year run of Friends Radio, which chronicled the life and development of the community from 1973 to 1982 through interviews, investigative reports, and live reporting. John Olinger relates the development in the 1980s of the first TV programs that catered to the GLBTQ community.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Jennifer+King"&gt;Jennifer King&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This paper was presented at a panel discussion titled "Finding Its Voice: Washington, DC’s GLBTQ Community Creates Its own Media" moderated by Kenneth Jost, National Gay and Lesbian Journalists Association, at the 2006 Annual Conference on D.C. Historical Studies.</text>
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                  <text>T-shirts, Textiles, Posters and Banners: Ephemera Collection </text>
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                  <text>T-Shirts and textiles were collected from various donors. Items were photographed, cataloged, and placed online by RHP board member Eric N. Gonzaba in 2018. Physical items remain in the custody of RHP.&#13;
&#13;
Posters and banners have been collected from various sources. Some are at the DC History Center; others remain in the custody of RHP.</text>
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                <text>Color Me Proud</text>
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                <text>African American lesbians&#13;
African American gay men</text>
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                <text>White t-shirt.&#13;
"Color Me Proud. DC Coalition of Black Lesbians &amp; Gay Men"&#13;
Image of a pink triangle with lambda symbol and an akhn.</text>
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                  <text>This collection includes items created by Mindy Daniels as a public advocate and as president of several political organizations. Additionally, it includes the earliest records of the GAA and Gay Community Center, which had been stored at her home since the time she became president of GLAA.</text>
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                  <text>This collection includes materials collected by prominent DC lawyer and activitist Mindy A. Daniels.  It includes materials from her time in the leadership of the Gay and Lesbian Activists Alliance, her founding of the National Lesbian Political Action Committee, her work with domestic partnership legislation, as well as other LGBT-related legal matters.  It includes paperwork, recordings, fliers, publications, banners, and other ephemera. </text>
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                  <text>Available by appointment to all researchers at the &lt;a href="http://dchistory.org/library/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;View Finding Aid: &lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ez_NLHoxOXTbhvrQbOWn-NRFNW3xcxXR0Gy_M3j1m-Q/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Series XVI: Gay and Lesbians Activists Alliance Collection&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <text>This full issue of this magazine is available and stored as part of the Mindy A. Daniels collection. </text>
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                <text>Cover story from this issue is a profile of 6 out gay and lesbian lawyers in DC.  Coverage is pages 20-31, with a letter from the editor on page 5.  &#13;
&#13;
Per conversation with Mindy Daniels, participant and donor of this issue, there were very few out lawyers willing to speak to the author and be profiled in such a prominent publication. </text>
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                <text>Interviews with:&#13;
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John Byron Sandage&#13;
Clint Batterton&#13;
Susan Silber&#13;
William B. Glew, Jr.&#13;
Nilda Aponte</text>
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                <text>The Washington Lawyer: The Official Journal of the District of Columbia Bar</text>
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                <text>Per conversation with Mindy Daniels, participant and donor of this issue, there were very few out lawyers willing to speak to the author and be profiled in such a prominent publication. </text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items available online. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;All other items open &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to all &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;people at the DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;, MS 0764, Series VI.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Papers: Digital Collection, 1962-1972</text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007</text>
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                  <text>Tobin Lahusen, Katherine "Kay," 1930-2021</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items available online. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;All other items open &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to all &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;people at the DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;, MS 0764, Series VI.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                <text>Letter to Major Nelda Cade, Commander, WAC Company, Women's Tri-Service Barracks, Fort Myer, Virginia</text>
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                  <text>The Friends Radio tape collection at Rainbow History covers nine years (1973 to 1982) of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer activism and community building in Washington, DC and around the nation. The Friends collection includes poetry, music, interviews, candidate interviews, social and political commentary and analysis and accounts of the creation of community services and organizations. Rainbow History received a collection of more than 300 1/4inch acetate tape reels of varying diameters from Bruce Pennington, a founder of the Stonewall Nation Media Collective, which produced and broadcast the show at WGTB and WPFW.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some clips play online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To listen to other recordings, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;access the Internet Archive [external link].&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some items available online. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;All other items open &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;to all &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dchistory.org/research/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;people at the DC History Center&lt;/a&gt;, MS 0764, Series VI.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Collection is available for “fair use.” Material may be protected by copyright.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                  <text>Includes copies of outgoing correspondence, news clippings, legal proceedings, ephemeral publications, flyers, press releases, and other documents generated by the activities of various homophile organizations, many of which Gittings was a member. A significant number of the items in this collection document the joint activities of Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny in their efforts to secure basic civil liberties for lesbians and gay men. The largest gathering of materials relate to the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C. and the various homophile organization confederations of which it was a constituent member, such as East Coast Homophile Organization (ECHO), Eastern Regional Homophile Conference (ERCH), Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations (ERCHO), and North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTRDWwOCsnQ_1qBGlPn98_5-eF2NpGjraPqCt8Fsb6O6pipwI2vGxLoGQMFDjtPWjOBPlwzNQS3Cnzu/pub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VIEW ONLINE FINDING AID&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Barbara Gittings (July 31, 1932 – February 18, 2007) was a prominent American activist for gay equality. She organized the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) from 1958 to 1963, edited the national DOB magazine The Ladder from 1963 to 1965, and worked closely with Frank Kameny in the 1960s on the first picket lines that brought attention to the ban on employment of gay people by the largest employer in the US at that time: the United States government. &#13;
&#13;
Gittings challenged the Daughters of Bilitis' conservative leadership by publishing an article by Kameny that urged readers to "move away from the comfortingly detached respectability of research into the often less pleasant rough-and-tumble of political and social activism." In response to her publishing this article, the Daughters of Bilitis leadership removed her as editor of The Ladder in 1965.&#13;
&#13;
Her early experiences with trying to learn more about lesbianism fueled her lifetime work with libraries. In the 1970s, Gittings was most involved in the American Library Association, forming the first gay caucus in a professional organization, in order to promote positive literature about homosexuality in libraries. She was a part of the movement to get the American Psychiatric Association to drop homosexuality as a mental illness in 1972. Her self-described life mission was to tear away the "shroud of invisibility" related to homosexuality that associated it with crime and mental illness. She was awarded a lifetime membership in the American Library Association, and the ALA named an annual award for the best gay or lesbian novel the The Barbara Gittings Award. The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) also named an activist award for her. </text>
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                  <text>At the first GLBT ALMS (Archive, Library, Museum, Special Collection) conference in May 2006 at the University of Minnesota, she mesmerized the audience with her plenary speech. I remember speaking with other conferees who had never heard her before: the commanding tone, the warm smile and stories, and the eyes that asked "what more are you going to do for our cause?". They were agog.&#13;
&#13;
There are fewer and fewer living witnesses to the bad old days of federally enforced 'closetting' and socially mandated hatred, fewer and fewer of those distinctive personalities that gave up so much to make it a better place for those of us who followed. With Barbara's passing, we have lost all that and therole as moral compass that she still played. A presence is gone and we are the poorer for its departure.&#13;
&#13;
Jack Nichols, writing in 1997, about Barbara's selection as co-grand marshall of New York City's Pride Parade called her "the Grand Mother of Lesbian and Gay Liberation". Not the 'Grandmother' but the "Grand Mother'. Ms Gittings also had an uncompromising element of earth mother in her motherliness. She was forthright, out, and outspoken, organized, hardworking and a strategist.&#13;
&#13;
Nichols also paid tribute to the inseparability of the "Barbara-and-Kay" team of Barbara and her life partner Kay Tobin Lahusen. For those who have met the 'team', it is a life partnership the like of which we all would love to have in our lives. Lahusen is the documentarian on the team, whose photo collection is now one of the treasures of the LGBTQ community.&#13;
&#13;
In Washington, DC Barbara Gittings found a partner in activism, Dr. Franklin E. Kameny, whose uncompromising and innovative gay civil rights activism found an echo in Gittings. They met in 1963. Active since 1958 (at the age of 26) in gay civil rights, with an already established role in the Daughters of Bilitis (she organized a NY chapter in 1958), she embraced the then radical idea of gay picketing, joining the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) in picketing the White House and other federal sites in Washington. She recalled in The Gay Crusaders (1972) that Kameny "was the first gay person I met who took firm, uncompromising positions about homosexuality and homosexuals' right to be considered fully on a par with heterosexuals.... Frank really raised my consciousness on this matter! Also thanks partly to him, I got turned on to gay civil rights issues." On July 4, 1965, she and Kameny brought gay picketing to Philadelphia's Independence Hall, three months after MSW began picketing.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen became active not only in the Daughters of Bilitis (where they met) and with Washington's Mattachine, but in the effort to organize regional homophile groups, beginning with the East Coast Homophile Organization and moving on to the Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations, and the nation conference, NACHO. At the Daughters of Bilitis, Gittings became editor of The Ladder, bringing the lesbian periodical into a bolder role, adding the subtitle "A Lesbian Review" in 1964 and adding cover photos of women in 1964.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Kameny worked together for nearly a decade to overturn the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification of homosexuality as a mental disorder. In May 1971, they were seated at the front of the hall at the APA's Washington, DC convention when gay activists took over the proceedings and Kameny seized the microphone. The following year Gittings and Kameny staffed a booth on homosexuality at the next APA convention in Dallas, TX. Gittings and Kameny were both honored in October 2006 with the first Fyrer Award from the APA for their leadership in the relation between psychiatry and homosexuality.&#13;
&#13;
In 1966, Gittings gave up editorial control of The Ladder and became involved as a personal counsel working with Kameny, Mattachine and others to counsel those in conflict with the Department of Defense over security clearances and employment issues.&#13;
&#13;
Gittings and Lahusen were active in Dr. Kameny's March 1971 campaign for Congress, travelling down from Philadelphia to help canvas for petition signatures and to leaflet voters. They came down with the busloads of volunteers from Philly and New York and stayed for the strategizing and the parties.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
In 1972, Gittings, long involved with libraries though not a librarian, joined the American Library Association's Task Force on Gay Liberation, becoming its leader. She has played a major role in ensuring that libraries carry resources that will inform and support gays and lesbians. She never lost sight of the frustration of days in her youth when she combed through libraries and bookstores looking for explanation and validation of her affectional orientation. In 1971 she established a Gay Book Award focusing critical evaluation on fiction and non-fiction books dealing with homosexuality. Librarians recognized her enormous contributions. In 2003, the American Library Association made her an honorary member in recognition of her contributions. The Free Library of Philadelphia had honored her in 2001 with the creation of the Barbara Gittings Gay/Lesbian Collection.</text>
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                  <text>Pennington, Bruce C., 1947-2003</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Some clips play online. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To listen to other recordings, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Rainbow+History+Project%22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;access the Internet Archive [external link].&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Paul Kuntzler and Richard Maultsby on politics</text>
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                <text>WPFW (Radio station : Washington, D.C.)</text>
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                  <text>The Jack Nichols Digital Collection includes photographs and documents created by, about, or collected by Jack Nichols.  The collection includes an unedited draft of his memoirs, which were never completed.

Jack Nichols is a native of Chevy Chase, MD. Until he moved to New York City with his partner Lige Clarke in the late 1960s, Nichols was extensively involved in gay activism and gay life in Washington, DC. He was a founding member of the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW), participated in MSW’s picketing at the White House, the Pentagon, Civil Service, and at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Nichols was an active participant in annual meetings of the East Coast Homophile Organizations (ECHO) and spoke from the podium on several occasions.
In New York City, Nichols and Clarke founded, wrote for, and edited the early national newspaper Gay. Today he edits and writes for the online newspaper Gay Today (www.gaytoday.com) which is published by the Badpuppy website.

He has generously contributed a wonderful album of photographs of his life in DC and elsewhere from which the following photographs are drawn. The Rainbow History Project (RHP) greatly appreciates Jack Nichols’ generosity in sharing these photographs and more with RHP.

The photographs displayed here are the property and copyright of either Jack Nichols or the credited creators of the photos. They may not be used without permission.</text>
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